How to Prevent Grass from Growing Posted: 19 Nov 2021 12:00 AM PST Grass has a nasty habit of springing up in areas where you might not want it to be, like your flower bed or your garden. If you'd like to get rid of your grass for good, you can choose from a few different methods to fit your needs. With just a little time and patience, you can make your outdoor space look exactly how you want it to without any grass. [Edit]Trench Edging - Dig a trench around the edge of your garden. Use a half-moon edger to define the line around your garden or your flower bed. Then, grab a shovel and dig the grass out so you have a large, wide trench around your entire garden or flower bed.[1]
- The trench will create an air barrier so the grass roots can't hop over from your lawn to your garden or flower beds.[2]
- Line the trench with steel edging. Purchase a length of steel edging from your local garden supply store, and make sure it's at least as long as your trench. Slide the steel edging into your trench, then pound it down until it's flush with the surface of your garden or flower bed. Steel edging is thin, so it will bend to fit the curve of your trench.[3]
- The steel edging will provide one extra layer between your grassy lawn and your flower beds. Since grass roots can't dig down very deep, they won't be able to go underneath the steel.
- You can buy a few pieces of steel to cover your entire trench if you need to. Overlap them just slightly to provide coverage throughout the entire trench.
- You can also use fiberglass or plastic edging instead of steel.[4]
- Pound stakes into the steel to keep it in place. Take a look at your steel edging and find the small slots that are spaced out every or so. Line up a steel stake with a slot in the edging, then use a mallet to hammer it in place. Add stakes to every slot to make sure the steel stays put.[5]
- Depending on where you get them, the stakes might come with your steel edging or you might have to buy them separately.
- Some steel edging comes with spikes on the bottom that pound into the ground, in which case you won't need any additional stakes.
- Cover the steel with stones to make it look attractive. Leaving the trench in place, use gardening stones or bricks to camouflage your steel edging and create a nice border around your garden or flower beds. The stones will also help prevent grass from popping up right next to your trench, so they're not just for show![6]
- You can find white, gray, or red stones at most garden supply stores.
[Edit]Mulching - Cover the area with cardboard or newspaper. Make sure there aren't any gaps in between your materials to ensure the grass can't grow upwards. This will block the grass from getting any sun so it's harder for it to grow.[7]
- If you're removing grass to grow plants or crops, put down a layer of compost first. This will feed the soil so it's rich and healthy when you go to use it.
- If you're covering a large area, mow the grass down as short as possible first.
- Water the cardboard or newspaper. You want your material to be really soggy. Grab a hose and wet down your cardboard or newspaper until it's just about to fall apart.[8]
- The goal is to get the cardboard or newspaper to break down over time. The wetter it is to start, the easier it will be.
- Cover the cardboard with of mulch. Use dark bark mulch to prevent any light from going through to the grass. Cover the entire area until you can't see the cardboard or the newspaper anymore.[9]
- The mulch will help compact the material underneath so it breaks down faster.
- Wait for 4 to 6 months. Over time, the cardboard or the newspaper will break apart and mulch itself into the soil underneath. After 4 to 6 months, the grass will be dead and you'll be left with rich, healthy soil underneath.[10]
- If you see any grass pop up through the mulch while you're waiting, trim it or pull it by hand as soon as possible. The younger it is, the easier it will be to kill.
[Edit]Heat from the Sun - Cover the area with black plastic or a sheet of glass. Both plastic and glass will heat up when the sun hits them, making them super hot. Spread your sheet glass or plastic out over the area you want to kill or prevent grass. If you're using plastic, secure the edges with large rocks or bricks to make sure it doesn't fly away.[11]
- If there are any other plants in the area that you want to save, don't cover them with plastic or glass.
- This is a good method to use for grass between pavers or in flower beds. Cut your plastic down to fit the dimensions you need, then add it to the area.
- If you're covering a large area of grass, mow it down as short as possible first.[12]
- Leave the covers in place for 2 to 3 weeks. As the sun heats up your materials, it will fry the ground, killing the grass or the grass roots. After a few weeks, you can lift up your plastic or glass to see what the ground underneath looks like.[13]
- If you had existing grass in the area, it will turn brown as it dies. If you were working with a dirt patch, it will probably be brown and dusty.
- Rake up the dead grass. Once the grass is dead, it will come out of the ground easily. Grab a rake and get rid of all the grass, then enjoy the empty space in your yard![14]
- If the grass comes back, you can cover it up again with glass or plastic to kill it.
[Edit]Herbicides - Wait 2 to 3 days after mowing your lawn. Plants absorb herbicides through their leaves, not their roots. If you've just mowed your lawn, wait for a few days so your grass can get a little taller before you apply your herbicides.[15]
- Using herbicides on a short lawn won't work as well, since there is less plant material to absorb the chemicals.
- Purchase an herbicide for grassy weeds from a garden supply store. Look for the ingredients Dithiopyr, Pendimethalin, Prodiamine, Siduron, and Benefin to ensure the herbicide is good for grass and grassy weeds. Buy a liquid herbicide if you don't want to worry about mixing your own, or get a granular one if you'd like to control how much you make at one time.[16]
- If you aren't a fan of chemical herbicides, look for natural ones that contain vinegar, cloves, cinnamon, rosemary, d-limonene, or iron. Natural herbicides aren't as effective as chemical ones, but they are less harmful to the plants around your grass.
- Put on gloves, then spray the herbicide on your grass. Attach a nozzle to your herbicide container and put the tip close to the ground. Wave the nozzle slowly back and forth over the grass, spraying just enough to wet the leaves.[17]
- You can kill small areas of grass by sticking your nozzle in between plants and spraying just the grass. This works great for flower beds and grass that's growing in between pavers, but it's not a good idea to use herbicides around food in a garden.[18]
- If the winds in your area are stronger than 5 mph (8.05 km/h), don't spray your herbicides. The wind can catch the small droplets in the air and spread them to other parts of your lawn.
- If it's hotter than outside, don't spray your herbicide. The chemicals will evaporate in the heat before they have time to penetrate the grass.
- Wait 3 to 4 days before mowing your lawn again. The herbicides need time to absorb before you mow your lawn. If you can, wait a few days before you do any lawn care to give the herbicides time.[19]
- Keep small children and animals away from the herbicides until they're fully dry.
- Spray the grass again if it's not dead by the end of the season. Some grass is so hearty that it might need a second application. If your grass is still alive after a couple of months, read the label on the back of your herbicide to see how soon you can do another application.[20]
- Every herbicide is slightly different, so you should always check your label before spraying a second time.
- Avoid watering unwanted grass when you water your other plants by using a hose instead of a sprinkler.
[Edit]Warnings - If you're using herbicides, always read the label for safety information before you start.
[Edit]Things You'll Need [Edit]Trench Edging - Half-moon edger
- Shovel
- Steel, plastic, or fiberglass edging
- Steel stakes
- Mallet
- Stones or bricks
[Edit]Mulching - Lawn mower
- Cardboard or newspaper
- Mulch
- Hose
- Compost (optional)
[Edit]Heat from the Sun - Lawn mower
- Glass or black plastic
[Edit]Herbicides - Gloves
- Broadleaf herbicide
[Edit]References |
How to Find a LGBTQIA Friendly Therapist Posted: 18 Nov 2021 04:00 PM PST Finding a therapist you like can be difficult, especially for queer folks. How can you feel comfortable discussing your personal life with someone if you don't fully trust them? Fortunately, you can find LGBTQIA-friendly therapists who actually specialize in counseling queer people. But you may not know where to begin, so we've compiled a list of a few common questions to help you find the perfect therapist for you. [Edit]Where can I find a queer-friendly therapist? - Look for one through an online directory of therapists. Probably the easiest and most effective way to find a therapist that specializes in working with LGBTQIA folks is to look for one online. Use an online directory of therapists and adjust the filter for therapists who work with queer or LGBTQIA people. Look for a therapist that fits the bill near you and contact them to set up an appointment.[1]
- Reach out to a local LGBTQIA mental health group if you have one. If you have a local LGBTQIA center or organization, try contacting them about licensed therapists they recommend. They may also have therapists on staff who are trained to work with the LGBTQIA community. If they do, you can make an appointment to see one of them at the facility.[2]
- Check out a therapist's website to see if they're LGBTQIA friendly. If you want to find out whether or not a therapist you're considering is trained or specializes in working with the LGBTQIA community, visit their website. Look for information that specifically refers to queer or LGBTQIA therapy. Use their website to get a sense of who they are and help you decide whether or not you want to work with them.[3]
- You could also use e-counseling if there isn't a therapist near you. If there isn't an LGBTQIA-friendly therapist in your area, or you don't have access to a therapist, consider reaching out to a licensed therapist who offers e-counseling services to LGBTQIA patients. Once you verify their credentials, you can make an appointment, then use your phone or computer to talk to your therapist from home.[4]
[Edit]What is queer therapy? - It's an approach that embraces a positive view of LGBTQIA people. LGBTQIA affirmative therapy, also known as queer therapy or LGBT affirmative therapy, seeks to create a therapy environment that is more accepting and inclusive for queer folks. It doesn't condemn or attempt to convert queer people. Affirmative therapy also addresses the negative influences that homophobia, transphobia, and heterosexism have on the lives of LGBTQIA people.[5]
[Edit]How do I know if a therapist is LGBTQIA friendly? - You can ask them questions about their training and experience. If you aren't sure if your therapist is queer-friendly, ask them if they have any training, knowledge, or experience in working with LGBTQIA folks.[6] You can also ask them what their sexual orientation and gender identity is. You may also want to ask them about their thoughts on conversion therapy or therapies that aim to convert LGBTQIA people into heterosexual people. If they support those types of therapies, they may not be queer-friendly.[7]
[Edit]Why should I see an LGBTQIA-friendly therapist? - It can reduce the fear and anxiety of going to therapy. Finding a therapist you share common ground with can help you feel more confident about seeking therapy. You also may not have to spend as much time discussing your sexual identity if your therapist specializes in working with queer folks. If you're queer and you're struggling with mental health issues, try looking for an LGBTQIA-affirming therapist you can talk to.[8]
[Edit]How do I find a therapist of color? - You can use an online directory to find one. Use an online database to search for therapists near you and filter the results for multicultural therapists. You can also use an online directory that only contains therapists who are people of color as well. Once you find one in your area, contact them to make an appointment.
- Try asking your doctor if they know any licensed LGBTQIA therapists they can refer you to.
[Edit]Warnings - If you're really struggling and you're thinking about harming yourself, don't wait to find an LGBTQIA-friendly therapist. See a doctor, go to the emergency room, or call a crisis hotline. You can reach the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgender National Hotline at 888-843-4564.
[Edit]References |
How to Cook Rupchanda Fish Posted: 18 Nov 2021 08:00 AM PST If you love serving whole fish, you've got to try rupchanda, which is also called pomfret! This fish is popular in India and Bangladesh where it's usually seasoned with turmeric, chili powder, and citrus juice. Give this seasoning a try and pan-fry your fish, toss it on the grill, or roast it in the oven. You'll be rewarded with tender, flaky fish that's bursting with flavor. [Edit]Ingredients [Edit]Pan-Fried Rupchanda - 3 to 4 whole rupchanda
- 1 teaspoon (2 g) of chili powder, divided
- 1 teaspoon (2 g) of turmeric powder, divided
- 2 onions, sliced thinly
- Salt to taste
- Up to of water
- Freshly chopped cilantro for garnish
- Vegetable oil for frying
- 3 tomatoes, sliced, optional
Makes 3 to 4 servings [Edit]Grilled Tandori Rupchanda - 1/4 teaspoon (0.55 g) of turmeric powder
- 1 teaspoon (2 g) of garam masala powder
- 1/2 cup (122 g) of plain yogurt
- of mustard oil
- 1/2 teaspoon (2.5 g) of ginger paste
- 8 whole rupchanda
- 2 tablespoons (16 g) of chili powder
- 1 tablespoon (6 g) of chickpea flour (besan)
- Salt to taste
- of lemon juice
- 1/2 teaspoon (2 g) of garlic paste
Makes about 8 servings [Edit]Stuffed and Baked Rupchanda - 1 large rupchanda
- of lemon juice
- 1 small onion, peeled and sliced
- piece of fresh ginger, peeled and sliced
- 1 bunch of fresh cilantro
- 3 small green chilies, sliced in half
- 3 cloves of garlic, sliced
- 2 tablespoons of butter
- Turmeric powder, cumin powder, coriander powder, and dry red chili powder to taste
- Salt to taste
Makes 1 to 2 servings [Edit]Pan-Fried Rupchanda - Remove the fins, tails, and guts from 3 to 4 whole rupchanda fish. Carefully cut off the small fins that are on both sides of the fish and cut off the tail. Then, make a slit along the bottom edge of the fish so you can reach in and pull out the guts. Make 3 or 4 thin slits on the sides of the fish before you rinse them in cool water and drain them.[1]
- The shallow slits help the fish absorb more of the seasoning.
- If you want to cook more than 3 or 4 rupchanda, prep as many fish as you like, but keep in mind that you'll have to fry them in batches.
- Season both sides of the fishes with salt, chili powder, and turmeric. Sprinkle each fish with salt to taste, 1/4 teaspoon (0.75 g) of turmeric powder, and 1/4 teaspoon (0.65 g) of chili powder. Use your fingers to rub the spices on both sides of each fish so they're seasoned really well.
- Feel free to play around with the seasonings. Rub the fish with green or red curry paste, for instance.
- Heat of oil in a skillet and add the rupchanda. Set a skillet on the stove and pour of vegetable oil into it. Turn the burner to medium-high and heat the oil until it shimmers. Then, slowly lower all of the seasoned rupchanda into the skillet.[2]
- Since the rupchanda is so thin, you don't need a lot of oil to fry it up. The vegetable oil just helps it crisp up and prevents it from sticking to the pan.
- Fry the fish for 6 or 7 minutes on each side. Cook the fish until it turns golden brown on the bottom. This should take 6 or 7 minutes. Then, use tongs or a flat spatula to carefully flip them over and fry the fish for another 6 or 7 minutes or until they're crispy.[3]
- If the fish turn brown within the first minute or two, turn the burner down to medium.
- Remove the fish and add 2 sliced onions to the skillet. Use tongs to transfer your pan-fried rupchanda to a plate, but leave the burner on. Put 2 thinly sliced onions into the oil that's still in the skillet and stir until they're coated.[4]
- If your fish absorbed all of the oil, just pour of vegetable oil into the skillet before you add the onions.
- To make a simple sauce, add 3 chopped tomatoes and cook the mixture until the vegetables break down.
- Stir in salt, chili powder, and turmeric, and sauté the onions for 2 to 3 minutes. Add the remaining 1/4 teaspoon (0.65 g) of chili powder, 1/4 teaspoon (0.75 g) of turmeric powder, and salt to taste. Stir the onions and cook them over medium heat until they start to soften.[5]
- Keep stirring the onions so they don't stick to the bottom of your skillet.
- Want a stronger curry flavor? Substitute 1/2 teaspoon (1 g) of curry powder or garam masala for the turmeric powder.
- To give your fish a spicier taste, add a few small green chili peppers.
- Place the fish in the skillet and cook it for 5 to 10 minutes. Nestle the crispy rupchanda in the skillet and put the lid on it. Simmer the fish for 5 to 10 minutes so the fish warms back up and absorbs the flavors of the onions.[6]
- If you don't have a lid for your skillet, lay a baking sheet on top of the skillet to trap the heat.
- Garnish the rupchanda with fresh cilantro. Turn off the burner and transfer the fish with onions to a serving plate. Then, scatter freshly chopped cilantro over the fish. To round out the meal, serve it with steamed rice and lemon wedges.[7]
- Although you can store the leftovers in an airtight container in the fridge for up to 3 days, the rupchanda has the best texture right after you pan-fry it.
[Edit]Grilled Tandori Rupchanda - Trim the fins and tails from 8 whole rupchanda fish. Use kitchen shears or a knife to cut the fins from the sides, bottom, and top of each fish. Cut off the tail and make a slit at the bottom of the fish so you can reach inside and remove the guts. Then, rinse the rupchanda in cool water and drain them.[8]
- Whisk all of the spices with the oil, juice, garlic, and yogurt to make a marinade. Get out a large mixing bowl and put 1/2 cup (122 g) of plain yogurt into it along with of mustard oil, of lemon juice, 1/2 teaspoon (2 g) of garlic paste, and 1/2 teaspoon (2.5 g) of ginger paste. Then, whisk in:[9]
- 1/4 teaspoon (0.55 g) of turmeric powder
- 1 teaspoon (2 g) of garam masala powder
- 2 tablespoons (16 g) of chili powder
- 1 tablespoon (6 g) of chickpea flour (besan)
- Salt to taste
- Toss the fish in the marinade and refrigerate them for 30 minutes. Add the rupchanda to the bowl and use your hands or a large spatula to mix the fish so they're coated with the marinade. Then, cover the bowl with plastic wrap and chill the fish for 30 minutes.[10]
- If you're using a charcoal grill, light the coals and get the grill going while the fish marinates.
- Heat a grill to high. If you're working with a charcoal grill, heat a chimney full of briquettes and dump the hot coals in the middle of the grill. If you're using a gas grill, just turn it to high and you're ready to cook![11]
- In a pinch, you can use a broiler if you don't have a grill. Turn your broiler to high and plan on putting the fish below the heating element.
- Lay the fish on the grill and cook them for 15 to 20 minutes. Take the rupchanda out of the marinade and arrange them on the hot grill. Close the lid and cook the fish for 7 or 8 minutes. Then, flip them over and cook them for another 7 or 8 minutes. Grill the fish until it's browned and cooked throughout.[12]
- If your rupchanda are really thick or large, they may need a total of 20 minutes on the grill.
- Serve your grilled rupchanda with roasted vegetables or flatbread. The smoky flavor of the fish is great with other roasted vegetables like zucchini or eggplant. You can also round out your meal with steamed rice, flatbread, or crispy potatoes. Want something lighter? Serve the rupchanda with a fresh, garden salad or sliced tomatoes.[13]
- Put the leftover fish in an airtight container and refrigerate it for up to 3 days.
[Edit]Stuffed and Baked Rupchanda - Preheat the oven to and line a sheet with foil. Get out a rimmed baking sheet and place a piece of aluminum foil on it. Tear off a piece that's large enough to wrap around the entire fish.[14]
- Cut the fins and tail from 1 big rupchanda. Take a large rupchanda and use scissors or a knife to cut the fins from the top and bottom of the fish. This makes it easier to eat the rupchanda. Cut the side fins and the tail off, too.[15]
- If you want the fish to absorb more flavoring, cut a shallow X on both sides of the fish.
- Want to double the recipe to serve more people? No problem! You can easily multiply the recipe—just wrap each fish individually in foil before you bake them.
- Slice through the bottom length of the fish and pull out the guts. Lay the rupchanda flat on a cutting board and carefully slice through the bottom edge of the fish to make an opening. Reach inside and pull out the guts. Then, rinse the fish in cool water and let it drain.[16]
- Season both sides of the fish with lemon juice, salt, and pepper. Drizzle of lemon juice over the fish and sprinkle salt over it. Scatter freshly ground pepper and flip the fish over. Then, flip the fish over and season the other side with the same ingredients.[17]
- If you don't want a lot of seasoning, you can keep it simple and stick to just salt and pepper.
- Set the fish aside for 10 minutes. This gives the fish time to absorb the flavor, and the salt will tenderize the flesh of the fish. You don't have to refrigerate it while it rests. Just set it aside at room temperature.[18]
- Sprinkle equal parts turmeric, cumin, coriander, and chili powder over the fish. You can eyeball the spices and just sprinkle enough of each spice to cover the fish. You'll probably use around 1/4 teaspoon (0.5 g) each of turmeric, cumin, coriander, and red chili powder. Then, use your hands or a pastry brush to spread the powders over both sides of the fish.[19]
- For a stronger burst of flavor, rub a spoonful of red, yellow, or green curry paste onto the fish instead of the dried spices.
- Stuff onion, ginger, cilantro, chilies, and garlic into the rupchanda. Open the slit you cut along the bottom edge of the fish and push 1 small sliced onion into the cavity along with a handful of fresh cilantro, 3 sliced garlic cloves, 3 sliced green chilies, and of freshly sliced ginger. These aromatic ingredients will soften and flavor the fish as it roasts.[20]
- Can't fit all of the ingredients into the fish? Just fill it as much as you can.
- It's totally alright to bake the rupchanda without stuffing it if you'd like an even simpler meal.
- Top the fish with butter and wrap it completely in foil. Cut 2 tablespoons of butter into smaller pieces and lay them on top of the stuffed rupchanda. Then, place your fish on the foil and wrap the foil around the fish. Seal the edges closed to trap moisture when the fish cooks.[21]
- The butter melts and creates a flavorful sauce as the fish roasts.
- Bake the stuffed rupchanda for 45 minutes or until it's flaky. Put the baking sheet in the oven and cook the foil-wrapped fish until you can flake the flesh with a fork. The rupchanda should be tender while the onions should become soft and aromatic. Serve your easy fish meal with steamed jasmine rice and a few splashes of vinegar.[22]
- Refrigerate leftovers in an airtight container for up to 3 days.
- Can't get fresh rupchanda? You might be able to find whole rupchanda in the freezer aisle.
[Edit]Things You'll Need [Edit]Pan-Fried Rupchanda - Measuring cups and spoons
- Skillet
- Tongs or spatula
- Knife and cutting board
- Spoon
[Edit]Grilled Tandori Rupchanda - Knife and cutting board
- Measuring cups and spoons
- Large mixing bowl
- Whisk
- Grill
[Edit]Stuffed and Baked Rupchanda - Knife and cutting board
- Rimmed baking sheet
- Aluminum foil
- Measuring spoons
[Edit]References |
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