How to Create an Index in Word Posted: 01 Oct 2021 05:00 PM PDT This wikiHow teaches you how to build an index page for your Microsoft Word document. Microsoft Word comes with a built-in indexing tool that can automatically create an index based on the entries you choose. All you'll need to do is use the Mark Entry tool to mark each word or phrase you want to add to the index. Terms in your index can point to specific pages in the document or cross-reference to other indexed entries. [Edit]Marking Your Entries - Open a Microsoft Word document. MS Word lets you add an index to any document regardless of its length, style, or subject matter. Before you can add an index to your document, you'll need to go through each page to mark the terms you want to appear in the index.
- Select a word or a group of words for your index. You can select a word or phrase by highlighting it with your mouse.
- Click the tab. It's on the toolbar at the top of Word.
- Click the button. Depending on your version of word, this icon will usually appear in a panel on the toolbar labeled "Index." It's the icon of a sheet of paper with a minus sign and a plus sign.[1]
- Change how the word or phrase appears in the index. You'll see the word or phrase you selected in the "Main entry" field at the top of the window. As of now, this is how that word or phrase will appear in the index you'll be creating. If you want to change the wording, capitalization, or other parameters, you can do so by editing the text in the "Main entry" box.
- If you want to adjust the font face, size, style, or color of this entry in your index, you can do so here. Just highlight the word or phrase in "Main entry," right-click the highlighted area, and then select Font. Make any changes you want to the font and then click OK.
- Add a subentry (optional). Think about main entries as being their own lines in your index. A subentry would appear below its main entry in the index. It might be helpful to go through your document and create main entries first, and then go back and add subentries.
- For example, if you selected the word surnames and plan to index all surnames in your document, you may want to add mark each surname in the document with the "Surnames" main entry, and then list the surname itself as the subentry.
- You could also add a third-level entry, which would appear below a subentry in the index. To do this, just type a colon after the subentry and then type the third-level entry.
- Choose the location referenced in the index entry. When Word builds an index based on your marked entries, it will simply list the page number on the entry you selected by default. For example, if you highlighted the word "Surnames" on page 2, the index will list "page 2" as the location of the Surnames entry. This is because "Current page" is the default selection in the "Options" section.
- If you'd rather the selected entry reference a different entry (think of when you see "See also" in an index), select "Cross-reference," and then type the name of the other entry next to "See."
- If you want the entry to point to a range of pages rather than a single page, you'll need to create a bookmark for that page range. If you have a bookmark, select "Page range," and then select your bookmark from the drop-down menu.
- Format the page numbers in your index. Under the "Page number format"' heading, choose whether to display the page numbers in Bold and/or Italics as needed.
- Click to save your new entry. This button will mark the highlighted term and add it to your index with its corresponding page number, range, or cross-reference.
- After marking an entry in the index, paragraph markers will turn on immediately, and you'll see the selected word or phrase in your document surrounded in curly braces with special formatting, much like this:
{XE "entry"} - If it's too confusing for you to see your document in this format, you can switch back to the standard view by clicking the Home tab and then clicking the paragraph symbol ¶ in the toolbar.
- If you want to mark all instances of the same word or phrase throughout your document, you can click the Mark all button at the bottom. This would add the page number for all instances of this word or phrase to its entry in the index.
- Continue marking entries. The "Mark Index Entry" window stays open after you mark an entry, which makes it easy to move to the next entry you want to mark. To continue, highlight another term in your document, and then click the "Mark Index Entry" window to add it to the "Main entry" field. After customizing this entry to your liking, click Mark to save it and move to the next.
- After marking your main entries, go through and mark any subentries or third-level entries. It's kind of awkward to do:
- Highlight the word or phrase you want to list as a subentry. Using our surname example, let's say you created a main entry for Surnames and want to add the surname "Williams" to the list of surnames in the index. Start by highlighting the first instance of "Williams" in your document.
- Next, click the Mark Index Entry window. This adds "Williams" to the "Main entry" field (for now).
- Type or paste the subentry (Williams, in our example) into the subentry field.
- Replace the text in the "Main entry" field with the name of the main entry (Surnames, in our example).
- Edit any details and click Mark (or Mark all).
[Edit]Inserting the Index Page - Click your mouse cursor where you want to place the index. In most cases, you'll want to place your index at the end of the document—just scroll down and click the first empty line below your existing content.
- Click the tab. It's at the top of Word.
- Insert a Page Break so the index is on its own page (optional). You'll usually want your index to appear on its own page at the end of the document. To ensure that this happens, click the Insert tab and select Page Break on the toolbar to add a new page for your index.
- Click the tab. It's at the top of Word.
- Click the button. This button is located next to the Mark Entry button on the References toolbar. This opens a window titled "Index."
- Select your index type. You can select Indented or Run-in at the top-right corner of the window. An indented index will be easier to navigate for readers, whereas a run-in index will take up much less space on the page.
- As you make changes to the index, you'll always see a preview in the "Print Preview" box at the top-left corner of this window.
- Choose the number of columns. Your index will appear in two columns by default, but you can select a different number by clicking the up or down arrows next to the "Columns" field.
- If you click the down arrow enough times, the value will change to "Auto," which will automatically adjust the column numbers to best fit the amount of content in the index.
- Select an index design from the "Formats" menu. This drop-down menu is below the Print Preview image. Select any of the designs from the drop-down menu to customize your index's appearance.
- You can also create your own design by selecting From template and clicking the Modify button at the bottom-right. This lets you customize fonts, spacing, and style for all entries and subentries to create your own design format.
- If you want the page numbers to be aligned on the right instead of right after each entry, check the box next to "Right align page numbers."
- Click to save your index. This creates an index that contains all of the entries you've marked throughout your document. You can use this index to look up the pages where important terms and concepts are mentioned throughout your writing.
[Edit]Editing an Index Entry - Click the tab. It's at the top of Word. If you've found an error in the index, such as a misspelling or incorrect term, you can correct the errors by hand and then update the index using the Update Index tool.
- Scroll to the error you want to correct. First, if you're not in paragraph view, click the Home tab and then click the Paragraph icon ¶ to display them.[2] Then, scroll to the "XE" entry for the entry you want to correct. Remember, all indexed references start with "XE" and are surrounded by those curly braces you saw earlier.
- Make your changes.
- Change the text inside the quotation marks: If the text is incorrect, correct it now by editing what's inside of the quotes.
- Delete an entry: If you want to completely remove an entry from the index, select the entire index entry field (including the curly brackets) with your mouse, and then press your keyboard's Delete key.
- You can click the Paragraph icon in the Home tab when you're finished to turn off paragraph markers.
- Scroll down and click your index. Now that you've made changes to the index, you'll need to update it. Clicking the index selects it for updating.
- Press the key on the keyboard. Depending on your keyboard, you may have to press the Fn key as well to use the F9 key. This updates the index to reflect your changes.
- If that doesn't work, click the References tab, and then click Update Index on the toolbar.
- Marking index entries will automatically turn on the Show all nonprinting characters option. You can turn this off anytime by clicking on the paragraph icon on the Home tab.
- If you mark more entries in your document after inserting the index and they don't appear automatically, click the index and press the F9 key on the keyboard.
[Edit]References [Edit]Quick Summary |
How to What Should You Avoid After Getting a Tattoo Posted: 01 Oct 2021 09:00 AM PDT If you're getting a new tattoo, you might be wondering what the best way is to take care of it. There are a ton of dos and don'ts, so it's no wonder that you have questions. The good news is that if you properly care for it, your new ink will look fantastic once it is healed. Every tattoo and body is different, so make sure to ask your tattoo artist about their specific guidelines for aftercare. And before you head to the studio, read below to have some of your most common questions answered. [Edit]Can I take the covering off my new tattoo right away? - No, you need to leave it covered for as long as the tattoo artist indicates. Some tattoo artists use plastic wrap, which you only need to leave on for a short period of time. Most experts recommend anywhere from 3-5 hours to 24 hours. Other professionals use a substance called Tegaderm, which is like a high-tech bandaid. That can stay on for 3-5 days.[1]
- Make sure to ask your tattoo artist what covering they used and how long they suggest leaving it on. Remember, they're the experts so follow their advice to keep your ink looking good.
[Edit]Is there anything to avoid when I clean my tattoo? - Yes, stay away from heavily scented products and exfoliators. Your best bet is to stick to gentle soap and water during the 2 week (or longer) healing period.[2] Don't use any exfoliators or strongly scented body washes. These have extra ingredients that can cause your tattoo to fade or become irritated.[3]
- You can clean it when you shower and you can also spot clean it at the sink using mild soap and warm water. Just make sure to clean the area 2-3 times a day while it heals.
- It's okay to shower with a new tattoo, just make sure to keep the wrap on for the indicated amount of time. Stay away from baths, as germs in the water could lead to infection.
- Moisturizing is really important. Make sure to apply a gentle moisturizer to your new ink several times a day.[4]
[Edit]Do I need to stay out of the sun when I get a new tattoo? - You can go outside, but make sure to cover up your ink. Before heading out into the sunshine, put sunscreen on any part of your body that will be exposed to the sun. Yes, that includes your tattoo! Experts recommend using a lotion that is at least 30 SPF for the best results. Just make sure to wait until your tattoo is healed before applying this lotion. You don't want to disturb the scab.[5]
- Double-up on protection and make sure that your tattoo is covered by your clothing. This is the best way to make sure your ink doesn't fade and that you don't have a bad reaction to the sun.[6]
- Some people develop sun allergies shortly after getting a new tattoo, which is one reason it's necessary to take extra precautions. If you develop swelling, redness, hives, or bumps around your tattoo, head inside right away. Reach out to your doctor if the rash is still there the next day.[7]
[Edit]Can I scratch my tattoo if it itches? - No, you definitely need to avoid scratching. The bad news is that your new ink will absolutely itch as it scabs over. The good news is this will only last for a couple of weeks. Don't pick the scab or itch the area at all, despite the temptation. Keep it covered by wearing loose clothing over the area to avoid the urge to scratch.[8]
[Edit]Are some moisturizers better than others? - You can soothe the area by gently applying A & D ointment or Vitamin E oil to it. Check with your tattoo artist to see what they recommend. Using these types of moisturizers will not only relieve the itching but are also key to helping your tattoo nicely. [9]
- Apply moisturizer every 2 hours for the first 2 days. After that, you can apply it to your tattoo 3-4 times a day until it is healed.[10]
[Edit]How soon can I swim after getting a tattoo? - You should stay out of the water for at least 2 weeks. This is the amount of time it takes for most tattoos to completely heal. To make sure your skin stays healthy, steer clear of the pool for a couple of weeks.[11]
- You should also avoid hot tubs, rivers, lakes, and oceans for the same period of time. This will greatly reduce your risk of infection. There are germs in these bodies that can cause infection, and your raw skin will be at greater risk than skin that doesn't have scabs.
[Edit]Can I take medication with a new tattoo? - It depends on the medication. While most people can continue to take their regular medications and be totally fine, there are some cases where you might want to use caution. Some medications like acne treatments, blood thinners, and antibiotics could cause you to have some complications. If possible, finish your course of meds before you get inked.[12]
- Check with your pharmacist or doctor to see if it's okay to get a tattoo with your current medications. It's also important to tell your tattoo artist exactly what medications you are on before they get to work on your art.
- Some medications, like antibiotics and acne medications, can cause skin sensitivity. That could make getting your tattoo extra painful, so ask your doctor about this common side effect.
- When tattooing, an artist pokes several tiny holes in your skin. This makes you more vulnerable to germs and infections. If you are dealing with a health issue, ask your doctor if this is an acceptable risk for you to take.
[Edit]Should I avoid shaving when I have a new tattoo? - Yes, you should wait until the area is fully healed. Most tattoos will heal within 2 weeks, but sometimes the process can take up to 6 weeks. It depends on the size and place on the body as to how fast it will heal. During the healing process, scabs will form and then fall off of the tattooed skin. You definitely don't want to shave over a scab.[13]
- A good rule of thumb is to treat a new tattoo like you would treat a severe scrape on your knee. You wouldn't shave over raw skin in that case, so don't use a razor on your new ink.
- Ask your tattoo artist to give you an idea of the healing time and process for the particular tattoo that you got.
[Edit]Warnings - Make sure you choose a clean and reputable tattoo shop. If you don't feel comfortable, leave before you start the process.
- Ask your tattoo artist for specific guidelines for the aftercare process. Make sure to follow them carefully.[14]
- Eat a healthy breakfast before you head to the tattoo shop. This will help your body handle the physical and mental stress of getting a tattoo.
- Avoid alcohol the night before you get inked. You don't want to be dehydrated.
[Edit]References |
How to Keep Bees Away from Hummingbird Feeders Posted: 01 Oct 2021 01:00 AM PDT Hummingbird feeders are great at attracting hummingbirds, but they also attract insects like bees. While bees are great pollinators to have in your yard, they aren't great feeding companions, as they often fight hummingbirds for spots at the feeders. In this article, we've detailed how you can get rid of the bees near your feeder and stop them from coming back. [Edit]Tighten all the feeder parts so they don't leak. - If your feeder leaks, bees will flock to it. Experts note that the best way to keep bees away is to make sure your feeder stays tidy, so take a second to tighten all the feeding ports and the dish at the bottom. If anything is leaky, consider buying a new feeder so it stays tidy.[1]
[Edit]Empty your feeders for 3 to 4 days. - You can confuse bees by removing the feeder for a few days. If you notice bees flocking to your hummingbird feeder, take it down and empty it out. Keep it down for at least 3 days, then put it back up when the bees have relocated to a new spot. Hopefully, the bees will find somewhere else to feed during this time, so your hummingbirds can come feed in peace.[2]
- This method works best when there are lots of flowering plants for the bees to go get nectar from. However, if the flowering plants are all dying back for the winter, they may find your feeder again.
[Edit]Relocate the feeder to confuse the bees. - Sometimes, simply moving it a few feet away is enough to deter them. If the bees have found your hummingbird feeder, take it down and move it away. Insects usually only visit convenient sources of food, so they won't spend a ton of time looking for the feeder after they realize it's gone.[3]
- Don't worry—moving your hummingbird feeder won't confuse the hummingbirds, especially if it's not far away from its original spot.
[Edit]Clean the feeders with soap and water. - Try to do this once a week to avoid attracting bees. Wet a sponge and lather up some dish soap, then gently sponge the feeding ports and the small dish. Rinse the feeder with lots of clean water, then fill it back up and hang it again.[4]
- Leaky hummingbird feeders attract bees more than anything else, because it's easy to sip the sweet sugar water off the side of the feeder.
[Edit]Hang your feeders in non-windy areas. - A feeder whipping in the wind can cause it to leak. These leaks can attract bees, so it's best to stop them before they happen. If you notice that your feeder is moving and shaking in the wind, relocate it to a covered area so it won't move around as much. If you know there's bad weather coming, take your bird feeder down to protect it during a storm.[5]
- Consider putting your feeder under a covered area, like your patio.
[Edit]Attach a bee guard to the feeder. - The hummingbirds will be able to get through, but not the bees. Bee guards look like small, circular grates that fit onto the feeding ports of the feeder. Snap these grates onto each of the ports to discourage bees while still letting your favorite birds have a sip.[6]
- You can find bee guards at most garden supply stores.
- If you deal with ants in your hummingbird feeder, consider buying an ant moat, too.
[Edit]Give the bees their own feeder. - Make up a shallow bowl filled with sugar water so the bees go somewhere else.[7] Bees like a stronger, sweeter solution than hummingbirds, so make up a 2:1 ratio solution of water to sugar. Place the solution in a shallow dish, then set it near the hummingbird feeder. When the bees notice the "better" feeding option, they'll flock to the bowl and not the feeder.[8]
- To move the bees further away from the feeder, set your shallow dish near the feeder and move it away incrementally day by day. Eventually, you can have your bee feeder across the yard from your hummingbird feeder.
[Edit]Use a red feeder, not a yellow one. - Insects are attracted to the color yellow. If your hummingbird feeder is yellow, consider changing it out to a red one. Hummingbirds love the color red, but bees couldn't care less about it. If you have any yellow accents on your feeder, you can paint them red using a non-toxic paint.[9]
- You should also try to avoid adding any yellow accessories to your hummingbird feeder, like bee or ant traps.
[Edit]Dilute the mixture in your feeder. - Use a 5:1 ratio of water to sugar instead of a 4:1 ratio. The hummingbirds won't like this solution quite as much, but the bees will like it even less. Bees prefer more sugar in their water, so they might just leave to find another source. Once the bees are gone, you can switch back to your old hummingbird solution.[10]
- The ideal mixture for hummingbirds is 4 parts water mixed with 1 part sugar, with no added red dye.
- If you're using premixed hummingbird solution, try diluting it with water.
[Edit]Keep your yard clean. - Bees are attracted to food and drinks. The more yummy things you have in your yard, the more likely bees will flock to it. Be sure to cover your garbage cans with tight lids, and take old food inside to throw it away.[11] Cover up your soda and tea if you're outside, since bees are attracted to sugar water.[12]
- Cleaning up food right away is a great way to deter most pests, not just bees.
[Edit]Avoid putting oils or creams on your hummingbird feeder. - Products like these can harm the hummingbirds. You might see some sites that recommend adding oils, Vicks Vapor Rub, Pam Cooking Spray, Duct Tape, Off, Skin-so-soft, or Vaseline to your hummingbird feeder. While these will deter bees slightly, the products can also get stuck in hummingbirds' wings, making it hard for them to take off. In general, keep your hummingbird feeder clean to avoid harming the birds that feed from it.[13]
- Hummingbirds tend to bump into their feeders often, which is why products tend to rub off on their feathers.
[Edit]References |
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