Thursday, December 5, 2019

How to of the Day

How to of the Day


How to Eat Chestnuts

Posted: 05 Dec 2019 04:00 PM PST

Chestnuts are an excellent snack that can be prepared in under 30 minutes. The two most common methods involve using an oven or stovetop to roast the chestnuts after giving them a quick boil. Once cooked, they can be used in a variety of dishes and recipes. However you choose to prepare and use them, you need to make sure that you fully remove them from their outer shell before taking a bite.

[Edit]Ingredients

[Edit]Spinach Chestnut Salad

  • of baby spinach
  • of baby asparagus
  • 1/2 head of radicchio lettuce
  • 1/2 English cucumber
  • 2 shallots
  • of pomegranate
  • 10 cooked chestnuts
  • vinaigrette dressing

Makes 4-6 servings

[Edit]Chestnut Stuffing

  • of dried cranberries
  • 1 onion
  • 2 bacon strips
  • of butter
  • 2 garlic cloves
  • of sausage meat
  • of breadcrumbs
  • of parsley
  • of thyme
  • of cooked chestnuts
  • 1 medium egg

Makes 24 stuffing balls, or 8 standard servings

[Edit]Italian Sausage and Chestnut Pasta

  • of olive oil
  • 1 onion
  • of sausage meat
  • of cooked chestnuts
  • 2 garlic cloves
  • of rosemary
  • of fennel seed
  • of tomato puree
  • of pasta shells or pappardelle

Makes 6 servings

[Edit]Steps

[Edit]Eating Chestnuts on Their Own

  1. Check to make sure your chestnuts are safe before eating them. There are two types of chestnut—regular chestnuts and horse chestnuts. Horse chestnuts are dangerous, as they can cause nausea and vomiting if consumed. To make sure that you have an edible chestnut, inspect the shell. If the shell is prickly and rough, it's a standard chestnut. If it's smooth and easy to handle, it's probably a horse chestnut.[1]

    Eat Chestnuts Step 1.jpg
    • Another way to check for horse chestnuts is to smell them. Horse chestnuts have a bitter odor, while a regular chestnut smells sweet and nutty.
  2. Take the shell off before you eat a chestnut. If you haven't cut them with a knife before baking them, use a nutcracker to rupture the outer shell of a chestnut. Then, put it in your hand and find the opening where you cut it or split it with a nut cracker. While holding it between both hands, use your two thumbs to pull the edges of each half of the shell. Pull each shell away from one another until the shell cracks in half.

    • If you're removing the shell immediately after cooking them, your chestnuts will still be hot. Hold each individual chestnut in a clean towel with both hands and then crack it, using the towel to keep your hands from getting burned.
  3. Cook your chestnuts based on how you plan to use them. If you're going to be adding seasonings, oils, or vegetables while you're cooking chestnuts, you probably want to use a stovetop. For the classic roasted chestnut, you'll want to opt for the oven.

    Eat Chestnuts Step 3.jpg
    • You can boil your chestnuts all the way through instead of transferring them to the oven or stove, but doing so removes most of the flavor and nutrients.[2]
  4. Buy prepackaged chestnuts if you want to snack on them. You can purchase pre-cooked chestnuts if you just want a small snack without all of the hassle that comes with cooking them. They come in jars, cans, or vacuum-sealed packages, and they're available online or in grocery stores.[3]

    • Always read the packaging carefully to ensure that you're about to eat pre-cooked chestnuts.
  5. Pair chestnuts with other dishes to add flavor or texture. Chestnuts work well as an ingredient or garnish. They have a soft flavor, but strong texture, which means that they are excellent for adding a bit of crunch to a dish. You can crush, grind, or dice cooked chestnuts to add them to a recipe that might work with a nutty flavor.[4]

[Edit]Using Chestnuts in Recipes

  1. Create a spinach chestnut salad. In a mixing bowl, add of spinach, of asparagus, a ½ head of radicchio, a ½ cucumber, and 2 shallots with your vinaigrette dressing. Mix these together, and add of pomegranate and 10 diced chestnuts. Continue to mix gently and serve as a main dish or simple side salad.[5]

    • You can make your own vinaigrette by whisking olive oil and white wine vinegar together in a bowl with garlic, salt, and pepper.
  2. Add chestnuts to a traditional stuffing. Fry 1 sliced onion and 2 strips of bacon together in of butter. Heat until they're fully cooked, then add your 2 garlic cloves and fry for another 1-2 minutes. Let your bacon and onion cool, then add your of chopped chestnuts and additional ingredients in a glass baking dish. Bind the ingredients together with 1 beaten egg. Bake in a baking dish at for 40 minutes.[6]

    • You can roll stuffing into small balls and bake them that way if you're interested in spicing up the serving presentation! To do this, cup a small amount of stuffing in both hands and press it together repeatedly like you're making a snowball.[7]
  3. Mix some chestnuts into an Italian pasta. Add of oil to a large frying pan and heat 1 diced onion for 5 minutes. Once it starts to soften, add of sausage meat and of chestnuts; fry them for 10-12 minutes on high heat. Add your 2 cloves of garlic, of rosemary, and of fennel and cook for an additional 2 minutes. Add of tomato puree and cover for 10 minutes while boiling of pasta. Once your pasta is boiled, mix it with the sauce and top with any garnishes.[8]

    • Break up the meat with a spatula or spoon while you're frying it.
    • Add a glass of red wine to the sauce if you'd like it to be a little tart.
    • Consider garnishing your pasta with parsley and parmesan cheese.
  4. Experiment with chestnuts in other recipes. If you want to play around with chestnuts in the kitchen, consider their ability to add texture to a recipe. Sweeter dishes that benefit from a salty profile, like brownies or ice cream, pair well with chestnuts.[9] They can also be used as an ingredient in waffles or brussels sprouts. Whether you're using it as a garnish or key ingredient, always remember that chestnuts must be cooked and peeled before you throw them in a dish.

[Edit]Cooking Chestnuts on Their Own

  1. Wash your chestnuts with water to clean them. You're going to be touching the shell quite frequently during your preparation, so make sure that they're clean by rinsing them with water. Wash your hands with soap and water as well. You don't want any bad germs or bacteria hanging out on your chestnuts![10]

    Eat Chestnuts Step 10.jpg
  2. Use a serrated knife to cut openings into each chestnut. Lay each nut on a cutting board, lengthwise. Pinch each chestnut against the cutting board using your nondominant hand. To do this, place a chestnut between your thumb and forefinger, and hold it firmly in place. Use a small serrated knife to make incisions in each chestnut.[11]

    • Each incision should be the entire length of the chestnut, but only cut one side. To figure out which side needs to be cut, let the chestnut lay flat and see how it settles. Cut whichever side faces up.
    • You're splitting the chestnuts to ensure that steam will escape as the nut heats. If they aren't split, the pressure can make chestnuts explode in the oven.
    • The outer shells of chestnuts are slippery, so be careful while you're cutting them. Go carefully and stay focused on each cut.
  3. Boil your chestnuts before cooking them if you'd like. Add your chestnuts to a pot with cold water Turn your heat to the highest setting and wait a few minutes for the water to boil. As soon as the pot starts bubbling, turn the heat off. Use a slotted spoon to remove your chestnuts.[12]

    • Boiling your chestnuts before roasting them will ensure that each entire nut gets fully coated in warm water, which will make cooking and cracking them a lot easier.
  4. Roast your chestnuts in the oven for a classic flavor. Bake your chestnuts on a sheet pan at for 15-20 minutes. If your chestnuts are on the smaller side, opt for a shorter cooking time. If they're of the larger variety, you'll want to cook them a little longer. Open the oven after 5-10 minutes and give your baking pan a little shake. This will shake loose any excess water and relieve any building pressure.[13]

    • Check on your chestnuts around the 13 minute mark. If they're steaming and browning, they're close to done. If they aren't, they'll probably need to cook for the full 20 minutes.
    • Always remember to remove the shell before enjoying your chestnuts.
  5. Try cooking your chestnuts on the stovetop with a cast iron skillet. Heat a cast iron pan over medium heat for 3-5 minutes. Drop your chestnuts into the pan and turn them. Use a fork, spatula, or your slotted spoon to turn each chestnut so that the cuts you made are facing away from the skillet. Cook your chestnuts for 15-20 minutes while stirring them periodically.[14]

    • Your chestnuts should darken in color while they cook, but if they start turning black and smoking, you're burning them and should stop immediately.
    • If you're adding any oils or spices, feel free to layer them on top of your chestnuts and then shake the pan after a few minutes. Butter, olive oil, salt, and pepper all make excellent additions to chestnuts.

[Edit]Things You'll Need

[Edit]Using Chestnuts in Recipes

  • Pasta strainer
  • Spatula or wooden spoon
  • Cutting board
  • Knife
  • Baking pan
  • Mixing bowl

[Edit]Cooking Chestnuts on Their Own

  • Cutting board
  • Serrated knife
  • Slotted spoon
  • Baking pan
  • Towel
  • Cast iron skillet or pan
  • Fork, spatula, or slotted spoon
  • Clear pan cover
  • Plate or bowl

[Edit]References

How to Become a Lobbyist

Posted: 05 Dec 2019 08:00 AM PST

While every state has its own specific definition of the term, a lobbyist is usually defined as someone who attempts to influence government decisions on behalf of a person or organization.[1] If you're a persuasive person with a passion for making a difference, a lobbying career might be right for you! While there are no specific educational requirements to become a lobbyist, you can benefit from having a strong background in the law or political science. You'll also need to register with your local government to work as a lobbyist. From there, you can start looking for lobbyist careers!

[Edit]Steps

[Edit]Getting the Right Training

  1. Take courses in political science or related fields. You don't have to have a degree in a specific field to become a lobbyist.[2] However, studying political science or other relevant subjects can give you the skills and knowledge you need to be successful. Specific lobbying jobs may also require you to have a minimum level of education (e.g., a bachelor's degree).
    Become a Lobbyist Step 1 Version 2.jpg
    • For example, many lobbyists have degrees in political science, communications, economics, or law.
  2. Build strong communication skills. Being able to communicate clearly and persuasively is key to being a successful lobbyist.[3] If you're in school or college, sign up for courses in writing and public speaking to build up your written and verbal communication abilities.
    Become a Lobbyist Step 2 Version 2.jpg
    • Signing up for your school's debate team or mock trial club can be a great way to hone your argumentative skills!
    • You can also take writing and speaking classes online through websites like Udemy, Coursera, and edX.
  3. Pursue an advanced degree to get a competitive edge. You don't need an advanced or specialized degree to be a lobbyist, but getting one of these degrees can make you look more impressive to employers. This is also a useful approach if you want to lobby in a particular area of interest.
    Become a Lobbyist Step 3 Version 2.jpg
    • For example, if you want to work as a health care lobbyist, you may find it helpful to pursue an advanced healthcare degree, such as DNP (Doctor of Nursing Practice).[4]
    • A law degree can also give you a competitive advantage in the lobbying field.[5]
  4. Learn about basic legislative rules and procedures. Understanding how the legislative process works can help you become a much more effective lobbyist. Take time to research how the system works so that you have a strong understanding of how measures are introduced and how bills are passed.[6]
    Become a Lobbyist Step 4 Version 2.jpg
    • Robert's Rules of Order is a very useful guide to the basic rules of legislative procedure.
    • Many state government websites offer specific information about local legislative process. Try doing an online search using terms such as "legislative process Illinois" or "how a bill becomes law Texas."
  5. Read up on current issues in your area of interest. If you're interested in lobbying in a particular field, stay on top of current events and legislative issues in that field, especially in your local area. Staying informed on what the issues are—and where your local lawmakers stand—will help you figure out which legislators to target and how to build the most persuasive arguments.[7]
    Become a Lobbyist Step 5 Version 2.jpg
    • Take time getting to know your local politicians, their histories, and where they stand on the issues you're interested in.
    • You may find it helpful to talk to other lobbyists in your area and get their perspective on how the system works.
  6. Spend time in a government job to gain experience. A lot of people break into the lobbying field after working in a government office. Doing so can help you gain expertise in local policy making procedures and will also make you look more impressive to prospective employers or clients. You might try:[8]
    Become a Lobbyist Step 6 Version 2.jpg
    • Running for elected office in the legislative or executive branches of your local government. This will give you direct experience with the legislative process.
    • If you can't run for office, getting a staff position with the legislature is another great way to get your foot in the door. For example, you might apply to be a legislative assistant for your local congressperson.

[Edit]Registering as a Lobbyist

  1. Look into your state's lobbying registration laws. All states in the U.S. require lobbyists to register with the state before doing any lobbying activities.[9] Before you start working as a lobbyist, check with your Secretary of State's office to find out what information you need to provide and whether you need to pay a registration fee.
    Become a Lobbyist Step 7 Version 2.jpg
  2. Take any required lobbying courses before registering. Some states require lobbyists to take training courses or seminars before doing any lobbying work. These courses typically focus on ethics training. Check with your Secretary of State's office to find out if you need any special training before you begin work.
    Become a Lobbyist Step 8 Version 2.jpg
    • For example, lobbyists in California are required to take a Lobbyist Ethics Course and certify the completion of this course with the Secretary of State's office by a specific deadline.[10]
  3. Keep up with your lobbying reports. Most states require lobbyists to file regular disclosure reports about their activities. Inquire with your Secretary of State's office about how often you need to file reports and what kind of information you have to provide. You can find a summary of activity report requirements for each state here: http://www.ncsl.org/research/ethics/50-state-chart-lobbyist-report-requirements.aspx.
    Become a Lobbyist Step 9 Version 2.jpg
    • These reports are available to the public and they usually contain information about how much money you or your client are spending on lobbying and which issues you are lobbying about.
    • Your employer or client may also need to file reports about your activities.

[Edit]Finding Lobbyist Jobs

  1. Familiarize yourself with the types of lobbying jobs. There are a variety of different ways to approach being a lobbyist. You can work as a contracted lobbyist for an organization such as a company or trade association, or you can work in-house as a full time government relations employee for a business. Local government administrations also hire lobbyists to communicate with the legislature on their behalf.[11]
    Become a Lobbyist Step 10 Version 2.jpg
    • For example, a drug company might hire a health care lobbyist full time in a government relations position.[12]
  2. Check lobbyist-specific job boards. When you're ready to look for lobbyist jobs, dedicated job boards or sites devoted to lobbying-related jobs are a good place to start. For example, you might look for jobs in your area on websites such as:
    Become a Lobbyist Step 11.jpg
    • Lobbyingjobs.com, a website dedicated to posting lobbyist and government relations positions.
    • Workforgood.org, which posts jobs with nonprofits and mission-driven organizations, including advocacy/lobbying jobs.
    • The PAC.org job board, which lists job opportunities for public affairs professionals.
  3. Look for lobbyist jobs on general job sites. In addition to using dedicated job boards, you can also find lobbyist jobs on general job sites such as Indeed and Monster.com. Use these sites to search for lobbyist jobs in your area.
    Become a Lobbyist Step 12.jpg
    • In addition to "lobbyist," use search terms such as "advocacy" and "government relations."
  4. Reach out to your professional network about job opportunities. Many lobbyists find jobs through networking and word of mouth. If you've had a chance to make some contacts in your community, let them know that you are in the market for a lobbying job. Someone may be able to put in a good word for you with a colleague who's looking to hire![13]
    Become a Lobbyist Step 13.jpg
    • Talking to other lobbyists can be a good way to find out about potential job openings.
  5. Apply for jobs that align with your interests and experience. You'll be most happy and successful as a lobbyist if you do work in an area that you're passionate and knowledgeable about.[14] Look for positions that are a good fit for your strengths and interests, but that also align well with your personal moral and ethical standards.
    Become a Lobbyist Step 14.jpg
    • For example, if you're interested in health issues, a job with a public health organization might be a good fit for you. On the other hand, you might not be happy lobbying for a tobacco company that's pushing for fewer restrictions on advertising.

[Edit]Related wikiHows

[Edit]References

[Edit]Quick Summary

How to Stay Warm and Stylish During Winter

Posted: 05 Dec 2019 12:00 AM PST

You may think it's too hard to keep looking stylish when the temperature dips during the winter months. It takes a little bit more thought and effort to remain stylish in the cold weather, but it is very possible once you get the hang of it. As long as you keep focused on practicality, you can get a lot of use out of a variety of clothing and styles. While layering your clothes is the key to keeping most of your body warm, you can add pieces to your wardrobe that will help you stand out as fashionable, while still providing extra warmth.

[Edit]Steps

[Edit]Layering Your Clothes

  1. Start with a thin layer underneath. You'll generally want clothes that are a bit looser on your body. These layers should help wick away any sweat or other moisture on the inside, which will keep you dry and warmer. If they are tight, they can get soaked in sweat, making them heavier.[1]
    Stay Warm and Stylish During Winter Step 1 Version 4.jpg
    • Longjohns and thermal underwear are good investments for areas that are harder to layer, like your legs, especially if the weather is going to be very cold.[2] Plus, since they are all the way under your clothes, no one will ever have to see what they look like. Just make sure they fit well and aren't too bulky.
    • With proper layering, you can even wear a dress in winter.
  2. Put on thin, tight clothes. This will be the first layer that people see, so look for a nice shirt or blouse in a professional environment, or other item that you would be comfortable having people look at you in. Just remember, the thinner and better fitting your clothes, the more you can potentially layer on.
    Stay Warm and Stylish During Winter Step 2 Version 4.jpg
    • You can also consider layering in reverse, that is putting thicker layers on first with loose thinner clothing on top. Wearing a t-shirt over a long-sleeve shirt or a skirt over pants can give some extra life to your warm-weather clothing.
    • Tights are a nice thin layer to wear closer to your skin, and they can generally fit under anything. They can also give extra life to clothes you might not be able to wear otherwise, like ripped jeans.[3]
  3. Add a vest or sweater. The main job of this layer is to help provide further insulation and trap heat. This will likely be a visible layer, so look for something that matches your shirts and other wardrobe. A wool sweater can also be a nice addition for a more professional environment.[4]
    Stay Warm and Stylish During Winter Step 3 Version 4.jpg
    • These layers should be made of natural fibers like goose down and wool. This includes nicer wool fabrics like cashmere and angora. These are thicker materials that provide heat while not being too heavy.
    • Vests help cover and keep your torso warm, and can be a nice layer underneath a peacoat or other cold weather jacket. Because they don't have any sleeves, you'll also be able to move your arms around more easily.[5]
  4. Get a good winter coat. This is the one article of clothing you'll always want to have in colder weather, no matter how many layers you wear, so it's worth making an investment. There are many different types of winter coats out there, so you'll have plenty of options to find something that suits you. Look for something thick, but also roomy enough that you'll be able to layer underneath it.[6]
    Stay Warm and Stylish During Winter Step 4 Version 4.jpg
    • Look for different colors. If you are looking to stand out from the crowd, don't stick with a more traditional black. Instead, find something bright and colorful, which will stand out from the drab crowd.[7]
    • You can even layer coats. Make sure that the inner jacket is slimmer and tighter fitting to prevent bulk. The outer coat should be larger and roomier, to account for the extra layers underneath.[8]

[Edit]Making Your Look Stylish

  1. Wear a hat. You lose a good deal of heat out of your head. Plus, it is also a sensitive part of the body, so you will really feel it when the temperature dips. Make sure you have something to keep your head warm and protect from the wind.
    Stay Warm and Stylish During Winter Step 5 Version 4.jpg
    • One good piece of headgear for style is a beanie. It covers your ears and the top of your head, while also keeping your face open for people to see. It's hard to feel stylish when no one can see your face.[9]
  2. Keep your hands warm. You don't want to keep your hands stuffed into your pockets at the only way to keep warm. Instead, keep them out by covering them with gloves or mittens. Either one can work, but are better for different situations. Mittens will keep your hands warmer because they hold your fingers together in a single pouch. On the other hand, gloves give you more freedom to move and use your fingers.[10]
    Stay Warm and Stylish During Winter Step 6 Version 4.jpg
    • Whichever you chose, you can always give your hands an extra boost with small hand warmers.
    • Like other outer layers, waterproof mittens or gloves are best, especially if you will be dealing with rain or snow. Dry hands are easier to keep warm.
  3. Cover up the obvious holes in your wardrobe. Don't just think about large areas of exposed skin like your arms, legs, or neck. Consider the parts of your body where your regular layers end, like your neck and wrists. Look for clothing that is a bit longer to cover up more exposed areas.[11]
    Stay Warm and Stylish During Winter Step 7 Version 4.jpg
    • Wearing a scarf is a great and stylish way to keep your neck warm. A colorful or interesting pattern can help you stand out, and it doesn't need to match the rest of your wardrobe in the same way. Don't forget that there are a variety of ways to tie your scarf to vary your look, even with the same scarf.[12]
  4. Get the right shoes. Your footwear should have some kind of tread. Winter is the season for ice, snow, and slush, and there is nothing stylish about slipping as you walk along. Boots are also thicker, and will help trap heat around your feet and ankles.[13]
    Stay Warm and Stylish During Winter Step 8 Version 4.jpg
    • For women, consider higher boots that come further up your legs. The extra coverage will give you the freedom to consider a shorter skirt, and provide a slightly different look than rain or snow boots.[14]
    • If you won't be trudging through snow, you could still wear flats in winter as long as they have a good bottom grip. You should also protect your legs by pairing them with tights, tall socks, or jeans.

[Edit]Tips

  • Warmth is the most important thing. People will be willing to make excuses for slightly unstylish clothes, but you can't explain away shivering.
  • Before you begin piling on the layers, do some simple exercises to get moving. The extra blood flow will keep you warmer a little longer. If you don't have the space to move around much, or are wearing nicer clothes that you can't really exercise in, putting your coat on for a few minutes before going out into the cold will help trap extra heat.

[Edit]Related wikiHows

[Edit]References

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