| How to Do Jig Fishing Posted: 18 Aug 2017 05:00 PM PDT Jig fishing is a sport that uses jig bait hooks, which mimic prey for large fish. Jig fishing should be done in some kind of heavy cover, where large fish usually hide to wait for their next meal, and not in open water. Be sure to use a heavy-duty rod, strong fishing line, and a good choice of jigs to catch fish.[1] EditChoosing Your Equipment - Buy a heavy-duty fishing rod. For jig fishing, purchase a heavy action or extra-heavy action rod. A stronger rod will handle large fish better and hold up if your line gets caught in the heavy cover (e.g. seaweed) that they often hide in. Shop for a fishing rod at your local sporting goods store to properly gauge the feel and sturdiness of different models. [2]
- Use a sturdy fishing line. Purchase a heavy braided fishing line of 50 pounds or more for jig fishing to avoid breaking. Heavier lines will not stretch, allowing you to pull in bigger fish more efficiently. A sturdier line will also stand up to thick cover like heavy vegetation and be easier to free if it gets stuck.[3]
- Choose realistic-looking jigs. If possible, try to use jigs that resemble the prey of the fish you are trying to catch (e.g. smaller fish local to the body of water). Jigs come in a variety of shapes, sizes, and colors. To start, buy an assortment of jigs to experiment with, and to use in different water temperatures and with different types of cover.[4]
EditUsing Jigs - Set up your fishing rod. Hold the fishing rod with your casting hand at the base of the reel. Leave about 12 inches (approximately 30 cm) of line hanging between your bait hook and the tip of the rod. Grab the line with your index finger and keep it taut.[5]
- Cast out your line. Make sure that there is nothing behind you for the line to catch onto (e.g., a tree or other person). Aim the line at the line towards the spot in the water you want it to land in, then pull it backwards. Cast it out and release your index finger from the line.[6]
- Wait for your jig hook to hit the bottom of the body of water. After casting your rod, wait several seconds for the jig hook to reach the bottom. If the bait is heavy enough you may feel the spoon hit the bottom. Note that lightweight jig hooks will take longer to sink.[7]
- Snap and pop the line. Make boisterous vertical motions with your rod by flicking your wrist and popping your fishing rod tip up a short distance. Allow the jig hook to sink back to the bottom. Repeat this process to get the attention of larger fish looking for food.[8]
- Vary your movements by jigging the rod up and down and side-to-side.
- Use the "swimming" technique. Cast your line out into the water. Hold your fishing rod at a 60 degree angle and slowly reel the line in. This motion will cause the jig to flow through the water smoothly, appearing to swim.[9]
EditReeling in a Catch - Pay close attention to your line. Be sure to keep a close eye on your fishing line while it is in the water. When you have a bite, your line will usually jolt at the surface of the water. Watch for this sort of movement, as it may not be jarring enough for you to feel it all the way through your line and fishing rod.[10]
- Hold onto the rod tightly. Big fish will put a lot of pressure on the line as they try to swim away. Once a fish has gone for your bait, lower your fishing rod to a 45 degree angle and hold on tightly. Stay in this position until the fish stops pulling on the line.[11]
- Engage your reel to pull in the fish. Holding the line steady, pull the fishing rod upwards as if you want to form a 90 degree angle. Lower the rod back to a 45 degree angle, engage your reel and begin to pull in your catch. Repeat this raising/lowering/and reeling-in pattern until you bring in your catch.[12]
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| How to Buy a Townhouse Posted: 18 Aug 2017 09:00 AM PDT Townhouses are good choices for people who don't want a condo but can't afford a single-family house. Buying a townhouse is not radically different from buying other types of homes. However, you should think carefully about whether you want to buy a home that shares walls with your neighbors. EditFinding Townhouses - Decide how much house you can afford. Take out all of your family's bills and add up how much you spend each month on food, insurance, school, transportation, etc. Then calculate all sources of income. You need to buy a home within your budget.[1]
- Use online calculators to estimate your monthly mortgage payment. For example, a $160,000 loan at 4% interest will cost about $764 each month.
- Your mortgage shouldn't be more than 31% of your monthly income, and your total debt to income ratio shouldn't exceed 43%.
- Look at online listings. You can find townhouse listings on websites such as Trulia, Zillow, and Realtor.com. Search by location and price. Each listing should have pictures, so you can get some feel for the property.[2]
- You can also set up alerts at some of these websites. You'll enter your criteria, and then receive an email whenever a townhouse that matches that criteria comes onto the market.
- Hire a real estate agent, if you need help. A qualified real estate agent will know the market inside and out. They may also know about townhouses for sale that haven't been listed yet. You can buy a townhouse without an agent, but you should hire one if you can't find acceptable properties or are overwhelmed by the process.
- You can find an agent in your telephone book or online.
- Also ask friends or family if they would recommend any agent they have used in the past.[3]
- Consider the disadvantages of owning a townhouse. You may absolutely want a townhouse, but at least consider common disadvantages so that you will make an informed choice. Consider the following:
- Townhouses share one or more walls with neighbors. If these neighbors are noisy, then you could be in for an uncomfortable stay in your new home.
- Many townhouses are governed by homeowner associations (HOAs), which might place restrictions on what you can do. For example, an HOA can prohibit you from having a pet or remodeling your townhouse. HOAs also charge annual fees.[4]
- You may be responsible for the upkeep of any personal, non-communal outdoor areas. If you don't want any maintenance responsibilities, then you should consider a condo.
- Visit properties. Once you've identified properties, contact the seller's agent and schedule a showing. You can also stop by if there are any open houses. While walking through the townhouse, pay attention to the following:
- Check if you can hear any noise coming through the walls. If the townhouse has been properly insulated, then noise should be minimal.
- Also take a peek at the yard. You'll probably be responsible for upkeep.[5]
- Consider whether you are happy with the property as is or if you want to renovate.
- Ask the owner questions. Figure out why the owner is selling. Are they retiring and needing to downsize? If so, they might not be in a hurry to sell. However, they might have gotten a new job in a different city and need to move. If so, they might be desperate to sell, which means you can be more aggressive when it comes to price.
- Check how much the owner regularly pays for utilities.[6] This amount will impact whether you can afford the property.
- Ask whether there are any restrictions on renovating.
EditMaking an Offer - Improve your credit, if necessary. You'll need a good credit score to qualify for a conventional mortgage—usually around 620. To get the best interest rates, you'll need a score around 740 or better.
- Check your credit score and get copies of your credit report. Go through your credit report to see if there are any errors. For example, someone else's debts might be listed on your report because they have a similar name or Social Security number. Dispute any wrong information.
- The best way to improve your credit is to pay down debt. Consider whether you need to delay buying your townhouse until you improve your credit score.[7]
- Get pre-approved for a mortgage. You'll be in a stronger bargaining position if a lender pre-approves you for a mortgage. The process is easy. Gather financial documents, such as your paystubs, bank statements, and tax returns. You can complete an application either online or by visiting the lender.[8]
- Work only with lenders who have experience underwriting loans for townhouses. Some lenders don't know how to classify townhouses and consider them condos.[9]
- If you're approved, you'll receive an approval letter which is good for only 90 days. Plan your house hunting accordingly.
- Analyze the market. In a hot market, sellers can usually get their asking price (or more) because there are multiple bidders on the same house. However, in a cold market, buyers have more power. Look at how long the townhouse has been on the market.
- Also check how much comparable homes have sold for. If you have a real estate agent, they can do a Comparative Market Analysis. However, you can also check website such as Zillow and Trulia yourself to see what similar townhouses have fetched.[10]
- Set an opening bid. Bid appropriately, based on the market. If it's cold, then come in a little under the asking price, e.g., 5% below. If you think the home is wildly overpriced, then make an appropriate bid based on your market research and be prepared to justify your offer.
- In a hot market, make your first offer your best one. You probably won't have a chance to negotiate.
- Don't forget you'll need to give the seller earnest money, which is around 1-2% of the purchase price. This money shows that you are serious about buying the house.[11]
- Draft a purchase offer. Agents typically have forms they use. If you don't have an agent, you might be able to find a form online or by contacting your state's Department of Real Estate. In some states, only a lawyer can draft a purchase offer.
- A purchase offer is legally binding if accepted, so be sure it includes all necessary information. Even if you don't have a lawyer draft it, ask one to review it.[12]
- If you need to sell your home to buy the townhouse, include a contingency to that effect.
- Write a letter of interest. A letter of interest can give you an edge in a hot housing market. You should describe your family and why you love the townhouse. Try to find a connection with the seller, e.g., you both attended the same college or you both have children.
- Submit your offer. You should give the seller's agent your purchase offer, your earnest money, and any letter of interest. If your bid is lower than the asking price, you can include a list of comps you used to calculate what is a fair market price.[13]
EditNegotiating and Closing the Deal - Go back and forth with the seller. If the seller rejects your offer, they'll tell you why. Ideally, they will only disagree on price, which is easy to negotiate. However, they might also disagree on other things, such as contingencies. Talk to your agent about how to proceed.
- You can expect sellers to claim that there is another buyer interested in the property. Trust your research. If the home has been on the market 120 days, it's unlikely a second buyer suddenly appeared at the same time you did.
- If you increase your bid, don't go too high. You still need to be able to afford your house.
- Apply for your mortgage. You've been pre-approved, but you still need to apply for a mortgage. Complete the application and submit all required supporting documentation. Mortgage rates are determined when you apply (not during the pre-approval process). Don't be afraid to shop around for the best rates.[14]
- Have the home inspected and appraised. Check your purchase offer to see who will pay for them. Typically, the costs of the inspection and the appraisal are folded into your closing costs, and you pay for them then.
- If the inspection uncovers problems, then discuss with the seller how to handle them. You can ask the seller to repair the problem before closing, or you can ask for a credit that will be applied against the purchase price. Depending on your contract, you might also be able to walk away from the purchase.[15]
- Your lender will be interested in the appraisal, since they won't lend you more than the townhouse is worth. You can contest the appraisal if you think it is low.
- Purchase insurance. Your lender will probably require that you have homeowners insurance before they will give you the loan. You'll need to pay your first year's premium at closing. You can shop around for the best deal.
- Get certified or cashier's checks. At the closing, you'll need to pay for your down payment, closing costs, and possibly the first payment on your mortgage. You may also need to pay your lawyer. You'll need a certified or cashier's check to cover the closing costs and your down payment.[16]
- Attend your closing. You'll end up signing dozens of documents at your closing.[17] Your lawyer should attend along with you in case there are any problems. Pay attention to the following:
- You will receive a closing disclosure. This document should itemize how closing costs have been divided between you and the seller. Although you should have received this document a few days in advance, double check the information.
- Carefully review the terms of your mortgage. Again, there shouldn't be any surprises. Stop the closing if the mortgage details are not what the lender has previously told you.
- At the end of the process, you should get the keys to your new home!
EditSources and Citations
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| How to Cure a Child's Stomach Ache Posted: 18 Aug 2017 01:00 AM PDT When your child doesn't feel well, you want to do everything in your power to help them feel better. Stomach aches are common and they may be caused by any number of reasons. By ruling out emergencies, comforting your child, and providing natural relief you can help ease your child's discomfort. EditRuling Out Emergencies - Know when to call a doctor. Sometimes, a stomach ache can be serious or a sign of a medical condition. Such conditions will usually cause your child to exhibit a range of symptoms.[1] Call the doctor immediately if your child has:
- Persistent pain on the right side of their abdomen (a symptoms of appendicitis)
- Pain only in one specific part of the abdomen
- Severe or rapidly worsening pain
- Pain lasting for more than 24 hours
- Tenderness when you put pressure on their belly
- A swollen abdomen
- An abdomen that is hard or stiff to the touch
- Pain or swelling in the groin (including testicles)
- Pain during urination
- High fever
- Frequent vomiting or diarrhea; inability to keep water down
- Blood in the stool/vomit or rectal bleeding
- A recent injury to the abdomen
- Know when to call poison control. A stomach ache could be a result of consuming something poisonous, such as a chemical, medicine, cleaning product, or other dangerous substance. If your child has consumed (or you think they have consumed) a non-edible item or liquid, call your local poison control center. You can reach the American Association of Poison Control Centers at (800)222-1222.[2] Some signs that your child may have ingested poison include:
- Unexplained vomiting or diarrhea
- Chest pain
- Headache
- Blurred vision
- Unexplained stains on clothing
- Numbness
- Chills
- Fever
- Burns on lips, mouth, or skin
- Excessive drooling
- Bad breath
- Trouble breathing
EditSoothing Your Child - Get their mind off of it. Stories, movies, and board games can be used to pass the time and help your child forget about their tummy ache. Do your best to have fun while you wait for the pain to pass.[3]
- Give your child a warm bath. Warm water help your child to relax, and help them feel better. Also, baths can be fun! Toss in some bubbles and bath toys to encourage them to forget the stomach ache for a while.[4]
- Ask them to drink water. If your child's stomach ache is not an emergency, it may be as simple as slight dehydration. Offer your child some water and encourage them to drink. You may want to add a bit of fruit (such as watermelon or orange) to the water to make it taste better for them.[5]
- Feed your child bland foods. Bland white foods can help absorb any excess acid floating around in your child's tummy. A plain slice of whole wheat bread is an excellent choice, as well as dry crackers or plain rice.[6]
- Offer warm chicken broth. Chicken broth (especially broth made from real chicken bones) is a mild, nutritious, and easy-to-digest food. The warm liquid is also soothing. Especially if your child does not want to eat, try offering some chicken broth to help keep them nourished and hydrated.[7]
- If your child does not eat chicken, you can offer vegetable broth instead.
- Provide affection. Sometimes hugs and kisses are the best medicine! If your child feels loved and supported throughout the period of discomfort, they will be less likely to experience negative feelings. Provide plenty of affection and attention to keep them happy and calm.[8]
- Encourage your child to rest. Your child needs rest in order to recover and heal. They may want to press a pillow against their stomach. Snuggle together on the couch or lie down beside them and rub their tummy.[9]
- Ask your child to lie down on their side if it seems like they have gas.
EditProviding Natural Relief - Offer papaya, ginger, or peppermint chews. Papaya, ginger, and peppermint are excellent for soothing upset tummies. Papaya, ginger, and peppermint chews are all available at health food stores. These items resemble candy and taste good, so your child is more likely to eat it.[10]
- Always be sure to read the packaging to see how many chews your child can eat in a day. Be sure as well that your child is old enough to consume the chews safely.
- Make tea to soothe your child's stomach. Ginger and mint are also available in tea form. These warm beverages work quickly to ease stomach discomfort. Make your child a cup of warm mint or ginger tea. You may add a bit of honey if it helps them to enjoy it.[11]
- Avoid adding white sugar to the tea, as this may aggravate the child's tummy.
- Don't add honey if the child is under one year old, either. Since infants don't have the right digestive organisms, honey can cause a dangerous illness called infant botulism.[12]
- Try giving your child gripe water. Gripe water is a product sold to relieve colic and other tummy troubles in infants, but it can be helpful for older kids too. The main ingredient is fennel oil, which can help ease gas, bloating, or upset stomach. Try to avoid gripe water varieties that contain sweetener (sucrose) or alcohol.[13]
- Place a heating pad on your child's stomach. Warmth can encourage your child's stomach muscles to relax, helping to ease the discomfort. Use a traditional heating pad (on low), or warm a cloth in the microwave.[14]
- Massage your child's tummy. With soft hands, rub circles around your child's stomach. This should provide some comfort, while also encouraging their muscles to relax. Continue this for 5-10 minutes. Avoid moving too quickly or pressing too hard.[15]
- Ask them if they had too much to eat; overeating can cause bloating or stomach aches.
- If a bug is going around your child may just have a different type of bug with big stomach pains!
- Don't panic or stress the child out.
- If your child is a girl, make sure she is not on her period.
- Don't give your child soda if they are ill. The acidic content of the drink will make them feel much worse.
- If your child throws up, encourage and patiently help him/her to drink water after to get rid of the taste.
- Yogurt is full of good bacteria and is, therefore, a good choice for a child with disturbed digestive system.
- "I've got tummy ache" is one of the top excuses used by children to get out of doing things they don't want to do. Make sure your child is telling the truth about their symptoms.
- Call a doctor if your child doesn't respond to any of the advice above.
- Be sure to tell the doctor if your child has special medical needs or concerns.
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