How to Lend Money to a Friend Posted: 16 Mar 2017 05:00 PM PDT Lending money to a friend is a dangerous game that should be avoided if possible. Unfortunately, at one point or another, a friend may approach you for a loan, and you will be forced to make the difficult call of whether or not to give it to them. Before handing over the money, think carefully about whether or not you should give the loan. If you decide to give them the loan they need then it is important to document the transaction in order to make it legally enforceable, and don't be afraid to remind them about the money they owe you. If it comes to it, take legal action to get the money that is owed to you. EditDeciding Whether or Not to Loan the Money - Decide whether or not you are willing to loan them the money. You are not obligated to lend anyone money, and many friendships have ended over unpaid loans. Therefore, you should think carefully about whether to lend them the money, especially if it is a larger loan.
- Avoid lending money to friends that you know tend to behave irresponsibly with money. You may value your friendship with them, but that doesn't mean they are good candidates for a loan.
- If your friend just needs a couple dollars to cover lunch, don't overthink it. You may need to borrow that money later on. A few dollars here and there between friends shouldn't be significant, if they are important to you.
- If they need a few hundred dollars to cover the rent for the apartment that their family lives in because they've just lost their job, then they're probably asking out of desperation, and will do their best to pay you back. On the other hand, if they are asking for $1,000 to take their new girlfriend on a trip to Las Vegas, then you might want to reconsider the character of your friend.
- Determine how important it is to be repaid. When lending money to a friend (or to anyone, for that matter), there is always the risk that they won't or can't pay it back. Therefore, before you decide to lend them money, think about how that will affect you if you never get that money back.[1]
- If it is your closest, most trusted friend and it is a small loan of around $30, it probably isn't going to cause that much trouble if they fail to pay you back. On the other hand, lending that same friend $10,000 may do great harm to your relationship and your financial health.
- Remember that you should never lend more than you could afford to lose. If you would be unable to meet your own financial obligations if your friend doesn't pay you back on time, then you definitely cannot afford to lend the money.
- Think of the loan as a gift. If this is a friend who is very important to you, then it may be wise to simply think of the loan as a gift. If you have the feeling that they are not going to pay you back, but you want to loan them the money anyways, then just tell yourself it's a gift. This will help you from becoming resentful if they don't pay you back after all.[2]
- You can still tell the friend that the money is a loan, and that they should pay you back when they can. However, in reality, understand that you may never see the money again. In most cases, this is probably not the best way to go; however, if the friend is very important to you and the money is not, then it is one way of looking at it.
- Discuss the loan with your friend. Before taking steps to give them the loan, you should discuss the loan with the friend, especially if it is a large sum. You have a right to know what the loan will be used for, and why they don't have the money. Explain that you don't want money to ruin your friendship, so you want to talk about how repayment of the loan will be handled.
- It's important to be honest in your discussions. Tell them that you want to help out however you can, but that you also have to look out for yourself. Point out that is very important to keep the lines of communication open, and that if there is a problem with paying the money back that they should talk to you rather than avoid you.
- If you feel embarrassed being so forward about the subject, tell them that your spouse/lawyer/accountant is making you be clear about all this in order to protect your own financial interests.
- Ask them why they aren't getting a loan from a professional lender. If the loan is for a very large sum, it is certainly OK for you to ask this when considering your decision. They may have a good reason why, or they may not, but either way, it is an important piece of information that you should take into consideration.
- Don't be afraid to say "No." In some cases, you may not be able to afford to loan the money or you may not want to. Whatever the reason, say "no" if you need to. If the reason you don't want to lend the money to your friend is because you don't think they'll pay you back, but you want to maintain your relationship, it may be best to give a different reason why you won't be giving them the money.[3]
- For example, you can say, "As a personal rule, I don't lend money to friends. It's not that I don't want to help, but I've lost too many friendships over money, and I don't want to lose you."
- If they put you on the spot and you don't know what to say, you can tell them you have to go home and look at your budget. Then, send them an email saying, "Sorry, I would like to help you, but it's simply not within my means to lend you that money. Let me know if I can help you some other way."
EditLegitimizing the Transaction - Create a contract. Especially if you are lending a large sum of money (what "large" means depends on what you believe is a large sum), it is critical that you create a document that lays out the terms of the loan. This document will lay out who is lending the money, and to whom, how much money is being lent, when the borrower is expected to begin paying back the money, and when the sum should be paid in full. The document should also include any interest that is to be repaid.[4]
- Understand that this document will, most importantly, protect you in the event that your friend is unwilling to pay you back. However, it also serves the purpose of making the terms of the loan clear and explicit, which will, hopefully, help avoid any misunderstandings.
- Remember to have the borrower sign and date the document, as it will not be enforceable without their signature.
- Make sure that the document is legally enforceable. Most states follow the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC). The UCC states that, in order to be legally enforceable the document must include the following information:[5]
- It must be a written document that is signed by the borrower. You, as the lender, may also sign the document, but you don't have to.
- The document must promise the payment of money.
- The document must state a fixed amount of money (with or without interest).
- There must be a definite time that the money should be repayed.
- The money must be payable to a holder. As the lender of the money, and the holder of the document, you are the holder.
- The document should only pertain to the money to be repayed. That is, there should be no other acts included in the document.
- Include a repayment plan. In the document, you should lay out when you expect to start being repaid, and when your friend should pay you in full by. Make sure to include any interest that you expect to receive, as well as what the consequences are if a payment is not received on time.
- For example, if you lend your friend $500 on February 1, you might lay out a plan that says that they are to begin paying you back on April 1 and that they are to pay you $100 each month with 0.5% interest on payments that are paid on time or early, and with 5.0% interest for payments not received on time. Make it explicit that the last payment should be received no later than August 1 of the same year.
- You don't have to come up with this payment plan all on your own. You can work out something together with the friend borrowing the money, but make sure that you include all of the details in writing.
- Charging interest is not mandatory.
- Get the document notarized. Having a document notarized is important because it requires a third party to verify that the people signing the document are the people they claim to be. This is important because your friend won't be able to come back and say that you forged the signature, as it has been notarized. This usually will require both of you to go to a notary public (banks usually have one notary public on staff, but attorneys can also notarize documents) along with two pieces of photo identification, and the document to be notarized.[6]
- Understand though, that notaries do not offer legal advice, nor does having a document notarized imply that the person signing the document understands what is in the document.
- It may seem like a lot of trouble to do all of this, but it is for your own protection. If your friend says you aren't being a good friend by making them go through all of this, then you might want to rethink the loan, as a good friend will understand that you are only looking out for your own well-being.
- Keep the original of the document for yourself, and make a copy for your friend so that both parties can refer back to it as necessary.
EditAsking for Repayment - Remind yourself that you are entitled to the money you lent. If your friend isn't paying you back according to the schedule, then it's time to take action. Before resorting to legal action, though, you should try talking to them. There may be reasons that they haven't sent you payment, or they may have simply forgotten. Sometimes, people feel bad bringing up such a subject, but in this case, you should definitely not.
- Remember that it is your money that you earned, and they felt that they could ask you, so you can ask for it back.
- Give them a call or write an email to see what's going on. The first time you contact them about why they haven't repaid you, try to keep it light and casual. Make it clear that you're not accusing them of avoiding repayment, but that you're concerned for their welfare, and want to be of help if you can.
- For example, you can say something like, "I just wanted to give you a quick call/email to see how things are going. I noticed on my calendar that you were supposed to send me a payment yesterday, but I didn't notice anything in my bank. Is everything alright?"
- Contacting them in a very offensive way will immediately make them defensive. If you call and say, "You owe me my money, and you didn't repay on time, what the heck is going on?," you sound angry and like you've already assumed that they are never going to repay.
- Try to be understanding of their situation, at first. If this is a friend you have known for a very long time, and that you trust completely, it is OK to give them a little wiggle room, if you want. If you get in touch with them, and they explain that they had not forgotten about the payment but that their child broke his arm, and they needed the money to pay for the doctor, but that they can get it to you next week, then it may be wise to give them the benefit of the doubt.
- Giving them the benefit of the doubt is for your friendship. However, if it is a friend you do not have much trust in, or they don't seem apologetic or concerned about late payments, then there is no reason to be understanding.
- Warn them of what will happen if they don't repay you. If your friend continues to avoid repaying you, tell them what will happen if they don't pay you back. This is not a suggestion that you should threaten them with violence, but rather that you won't just give up on getting paid back what you're owed. For example, explain to them that if they don't pay you back, you won't ever be able to loan money to them again.
- You may also explain how their failure to stick to their end of the deal has really damaged your trust in them, and that you don't feel like you want to be around someone you can't trust.
- Remind them also, that you have a written agreement. So not only are you able to withdraw your friendship, you are able to take them to court if you want to.
- Begin sending past due notices. If you think that you are eventually going to have to take your friend to court, it is important to create a paper trail. Therefore, sending them past due notices in writing after 30 days, 60 days, and 90 days will help you to establish what happened in the event that legal action is taken.[7]
- Be sure to keep copies of the letters and send them via certified mail so that your friend won't be able to say they never received them.
- State in the letter the terms of the loan and when they were supposed to have paid you.
- Let them know you will pursue legal action. If your friend continues to avoid paying you back, it may be time to get tough, especially if you don't believe the reasons that they're giving you as to why they haven't paid you back. Contact them again, either by email, phone, or in person. Calmly let them know that you didn't want it to come to this, but that if they can't pay you back the money they owe up to that point by a certain date, that you will be taking legal action.
- Understand that this may offend your friend, and you do risk ruining your friendship. However, if you value the money more than the friendship, it is what you will need to do.
EditTaking Legal Action - Decide if getting the money back is more important than the friendship. If you have tried to get the money back from your friend by talking to them, but it doesn't seem like they are going to pay you back you have two options. You can just give up and convince yourself that the money was a gift, or you can take legal action to get the money back. However, if you do decide to take legal action, realize that there is a decent chance your friendship will be over.
- Depending on the size of the loan, it may be worth taking legal action (assuming you took steps to prepare yourself for this possibility when you gave the loan) even if it does ruin your friendship. Someone who borrowed a large amount of money, and didn't care enough to pay you back is not your friend.
- Understand that money you give as a "gift" to a friend is not tax deductible, so you cannot claim it as a deduction on your tax return. Furthermore, you may be subject to the gift tax if you are a US taxpayer and you give them over $13,000 in a calendar year.[8]
- Prepare your documentation. Hopefully you have taken steps to protect yourself from this occurrence, so you will have your signed, notarized document stating that you lent money to your friend, and that they were supposed to have paid you back by a certain date. If you do not have such a document, you may still be able to take them to court as oral contracts are considered binding. The problem is that the existence of oral contracts are very difficult to prove.
- If you had an oral contract, you might be able to prove that such a contract exists if there was a witness to the agreement.
- Gather together any emails you may have sent asking for the friend to repay the loan. This will create a paper trail, which will demonstrate that you've tried to resolve the matter by other means.[9]
- Hire a lawyer. At this point, you will need to hire a lawyer who will guide you through the process of taking your friend to court. The lawyer may begin by writing an official letter to your friend asking them to repay the money that they owe you, or be ready to deal with the issue in court.[10]
- Sometimes, an official letter such as this will be enough to motivate your friend to start repaying what they owe.
- Be aware that a lawyer won't be free. You will have to pay them for the services, so be sure that the money you are to be repaid will be more than the amount you will have to pay the lawyer. Otherwise, while you may get your money back, you may end up losing money or just breaking even depending on the sum involved, and the services the lawyer needs to provide.
- Settle your dispute in small claims court. Unless you have lent your friend an extraordinary amount of money, you will likely deal with the matter in small claims court. If you have hired a lawyer, they will guide you through the process of filing a claim. If you haven't, you will need to contact the county clerk where you live (or where any agreement you created was signed), as the rules for filing a claim vary from state to state.[11]
- Generally, you will need to sign an affidavit confirming that you have tried to resolve the issue outside of court, fill out a complaint form, which asks for the details of the claim, and pay a filing fee, which can typically range from $15 up to $100 depending on where you live.
- At this point, you must send a "statement of claim" to the defendant (your friend). You can do this yourself, through your lawyer, or through hiring a private company who will "serve" the defendant.
- If your friend continues to avoid repayment, you will typically both be required to appear before a judge who will determine what course of action to take. Keep in mind that if your friend decides to repay you what you're owed at any point, it is your responsibility to contact the courts to let them know.
- If your friend is not repaying you as they said they would, and you aren't able to get in contact with them, it's possible they may be dodging you because they are embarrassed or don't have a way to pay you back. In this instance, you may want to let them know in a voicemail or email that if you can't get in touch with them by a certain date, you will be forced to take legal action. Be clear that if they get back to you, you're willing to listen to the reasons they haven't gotten in touch, but you need your money back as soon as possible.
- If your friend is approaching you for a large loan it is probably because they don't have the credit score necessary to obtain a loan from a bank. While there may be perfectly good reasons for a lack of credit, a low credit score is an indication that they haven't made good on their promises of repayment in the past.
- In general, it is a bad idea to lend money to friends. If the friend does not pay the money back, you have lost a friend and money. Giving them a (small) portion of the needed money is a good alternative to a loan.
- If you are in a committed relationship, be sure to talk with your spouse about the loan before giving it. They may be upset if you loaned your whole savings to a buddy without talking to them first, and if they money isn't paid back, they'll probably never let you forget it.
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How to Clean up Battery Acid Spills Posted: 16 Mar 2017 09:00 AM PDT Liquid or residue from leaking batteries can cause serious harm, so approach the cleanup task with caution. Identifying the type of battery before clean-up is extremely important, or you could risk a dangerous chemical reaction. If the battery was powering a device while it was damaged, you may need to clean the electrical contacts as well, or have them replaced. EditIdentifying the Battery Type - Protect your hands and face. Battery leaks can contain caustic chemicals that irritate the skin, lungs, and eyes. Always wear rubber, nitrile, or latex gloves before you handle the leaking battery or the leaked material.[1] Wearing safety goggles or a face mask is highly recommended when handling car batteries or lithium batteries. Work in an area with good ventilation, blowing away from your face.
- If you feel a burning sensation in your eyes or on your skin, or if the spill gets on you, leave the area and remove affected clothing. Rinse in lukewarm, gently flowing water for at least 30 minutes.[2]
- Acid leaks, typically from a car battery, are much more dangerous than alkaline battery leaks.
- Double-bag the battery. For small batteries, use transparent plastic so you can identify the type of battery before you continue. For car batteries and other large batteries, put them inside two trash bags, ideally made from 6mm+ (0.2 in) thick polyethylene.[3] Tie or seal the bag closed immediately.[4]
- Determine the battery type. Batteries for cars and other motor vehicles are almost always lead-acid batteries.[5] Smaller batteries that slot into electric devices are more varied, so examine the label to find the type. The most common types for small batteries are alkaline, lithium, and nickel cadmium, followed by lead-acid.
- Size and shape alone are not reliable identification methods.
- Guess at battery type based on voltage. If the only label is the voltage display (V), you can make an educated guess: Alkaline batteries have voltages that are multiples of 1.5. Lithium battery voltages can vary, but are often written as multiples of 3 to 3.7. Nickel cadmium voltages are multiples of 1.2, and lead-acid batteries are multiples of 2.[6]
- Continue to the next section. Be sure only to follow the instructions for your type of battery. Treating the spill with the wrong chemical could cause an explosion.
- See the end of the next section for information on battery disposal and cleaning electrical contacts.
EditCleaning the Spill - Use baking soda to neutralize lead-acid or nickel cadmium spills. These types of battery can leak a strong acid, which eats through clothing, carpet, or in some cases even metal. Approach it with protective gloves and face shield, and cover liberally with baking soda, until newly added baking soda does not cause additional fizzing or bubbling. Clean up remaining residue using a thick paste made from baking soda and water.
- Also pour baking soda into the trash bag containing the damaged battery.
- Clean up alkaline spills with mild household acid. For alkaline batteries, dip a cotton swab in vinegar or lemon juice, and swab the spill to neutralize the basic leak. Use an old toothbrush dipped in the same material to scrub at a spill that has dried. Water can cause further corrosion, so wet a paper towel as lightly as possible and use that to wipe up the acid. Repeat until clean, then let the device dry for several hours.
- Wipe up lithium spills with water. For lithium batteries, often used in cell phones or "button" batteries, immediately place the bag in a sealed, sturdy container, as it could cause a fire or explode. Any electric device exposed to the leak is no longer safe to use. Throw the device away, and clean up spills with water and nothing else.[7]
- Dispose of the batteries. In some states and countries, you may dispose of alkaline batteries in the regular trash, but most batteries are required by law to be recycled.[8] Visit earth911's online tool to find a nearby hardware store or other location that will recycle your type of battery.
- Some battery manufacturers may offer you a free or reduced-price replacement battery.
- Clean the electrical contacts (optional). If the battery was connected to a device when it leaked, the device's electrical contacts may need to be cleaned before the device can be safely used. Scrape off any residue using a plastic or wooden stick, and use a slightly damp paper towel to wipe it off, throwing the towel away immediately. If the contacts themselves are corroded, pitted, or discolored, file them down using sandpaper or a metal file, but be aware that they may need replacement.[9]
- To avoid future problems, adopt the following practices:
- Do not mix and match different battery brands in the same device.
- Remove batteries from devices that are being stored.
- Make sure the electronic device is completely dry before trying a new battery.
- Large spills involving many liters (several gallons) of liquid or more should be handled by the fire department. Call an emergency number and keep everyone away from the area.[10]
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How to Build Stronger Hip Muscles Posted: 16 Mar 2017 01:00 AM PDT Hips are, in many ways, a control center for your body. Weak hip muscles can cause back, leg, and other mobility problems. They are vital to pregnant women to ease childbirth and to the elderly to maintain mobility and a good quality of life. You don't need to be a gym rat or fitness enthusiast to keep your hips strong and mobile — you can start today. EditBuild and Stretch Hip Muscles without the Gym - Start small and build hip muscles from bed. You don't need to hit the pavement for a jog to build up your hips. Lie on your back with bent knees and feet flat on the floor. Squeeze your gluteus muscles by tightening your butt. Hold for five seconds and then release. Start with ten repetitions and every week increase by five until you can do thirty.[1]
- Move your hips upward off the ground to stretch gluteus muscles. Do a similar pose to the above exercise. Lay on your back and move your hips off the ground upward while trying to keep your back on the ground. Hold this position for five seconds before lowering your hips back to the ground.
- Extend your range of motion. Many hip injuries come from trauma, or an unexpected movement to which your muscles aren't accustomed. The more you increase and extend your muscle range, the stronger your hips will be and less likely to succumb to injury. While laying down, turn to the side, lift your leg up while lifting your upper body (both to 25–30 degrees). Don't bend your body. Follow this with one minute's rest.
- Repeat this exercise in three sets of ten repetitions. Be mindful of your form. Compensating with your back or abs is a sign your hip muscles aren't quite strong enough for the exercise and repetitions should be decreased.
- Stretch your hips while standing up. Slowly extend your leg out to the side as far as you can without causing pain. Keep your inner thigh parallel to floor. After doing this ten times, switch sides and work the opposite leg.[2]
- Do this controlled and with good form. Do not extend too far outward as this could cause an injury. Start slow and gradually extend your range.
- Use cardio to keep hips strong. Runners can often be the first to suffer hip issues, but running can also be incredibly beneficial. Running uses all of your major muscles, particularly the gluteus, hamstrings, and quads. It allows the body to work muscles together in a natural way. Start by running short distances and gradually increase to push your body.[3]
- Emphasize good form. This includes good posture and strides that don't cause unnatural leg movements.
- Try biking for a gentler hip exercise. This allows the hip muscles to naturally rotate and avoids much of the wear and tear of running. Cycling is particularly great for those getting back from an injury or suffering from issues like arthritis.
- Use your legs to stretch hip muscles. Fold one leg and put the other leg on top of it. Bend forward while twisting your body to face your folded leg kneecap. Repeat it 10 times, and do with the other leg folded. Follow this with 10 seconds rest.
- Add a weight to intensify the exercises. Ankle weights add resistance and force you to work harder to stabilize your leg using muscles in your hips.
EditHitting the Gym to Build Hip Muscles - Use a hip abductor machine. Your gym will likely have machines devoted to building hip strength. Hip abductor machines provide resistance as you work muscles pivotal to healthy hips. Sit so that your feet are on the foot rests and knee pads are outside of your legs. Use your strength to push the pads from a closed to an open position, away from your body. Bring the weight slowly back to a stop. Do this in sets of ten at a manageable weight. Be sure to emphasize good form. Weights too high or too many reps can lead to injury.[4]
- Gyms may have machines that slightly vary. If you have any questions about how to use a hip abductor machine, ask a gym employee for help.
- Skip hard cardio in favor of controlled movements on machines. Jogging is great for overall health but can cause wear and tear to your joints, especially knees, hips, and ankles. Use cardio machines at the gym to get the same benefits of cardio, without all the problems.[5]
- Use an an elliptical machine. This is a low impact exercise that will increase the range of motion in your hips. Simply follow the instructions and start striding at a comfortable resistance level. This will promote the same range of motion as jogging without the impact of hitting the ground.
- Stationary bikes are among the best exercise options for hip problems. They're great for increasing your range of motion, keeping joints mobile, and building up strength as you progress to longer, more difficult workouts.
- Tread climbers work much like walking. You will have to stretch your hips to maintain a natural walking stride. Similarly, a stair climber will stretch and strengthen your hips muscles. The incline of the stair climber will force you to stretch and stabilize your muscles. Both of these should be done with caution and after consultation with your doctor or physical therapist.
- Weight train your way to stronger hips. Cardio and machines are great but there are few strength training equivalents to free weights. Weight training can be a little more difficult than other strengthening exercises, but if done properly and safely yields great results.[6]
- Use bench step up exercises to build strength. Find a dumbbell weight that you are comfortable with. Hold a dumbbell in each hand down to your side. Stand in front of a bench lengthwise. Step up with your right foot, holding your left leg to the side. Hold for three seconds then repeat with the other foot.
- Bent knee deadlifts get the benefits of the Olympic dead lift without the same strain. Again, find a light dumbbell and hold one in each hand. Stand with your feet shoulder length apart, holding each dumbbell with your palms facing in. Keeping your head up, shoulders back and knees slightly bent, bend forward slightly, lowering the dumbbells along your legs. Keep your body weight above your heels and slowly return to a starting position.
- Use dumbbell lunges to stretch your hips. Keep a dumbbell in each hand and stand upright. Step forward with your right foot, keeping your left leg stationary behind. Lower your upper body down while maintaining your balance. Using the heel of your forward foot, return to your starting position.[7]
EditUsing Yoga to Build Hip Muscles - Attend a yoga class to build hip muscles. Yoga is a great way to build and stretch muscles. It's a taxing exercise routine without the brunt force or trauma that can come with jogging or weight lifting. If you're not experienced with yoga, try to find a beginner class where an experienced teacher will help you work up slowly.[8]
- Try the lizard-lower lunge. Do this by putting your left foot several feet in front of your right foot. Place your right knee against the ground while keeping your left leg at a 90 degree angle. Slowly work your left leg out to the side while keeping your elbows as near the ground as possible. Keep your hips parallel while you do this pose.[9]
- Slowly stretch your hamstrings and leg muscles until you can hold this pose properly. Try standing with your feet together and touching your toes to help limber your hamstrings. This will help your lower half be prepared to lunge forward.
- Use the happy baby pose. Lay on your back. Grab both feet with each hand and pull your knees toward your arm pits. Once you feel comfortably situated, rock from side to side, keeping your head on the floor. This will externally rotate your hips. [10]
- This pose relies a lot on balance. Start by laying on your back and getting used to balancing your weight to achieve the rocking motion without falling over.
- Once you can do this with ease you can gradually move your legs closer to your hands until you can pull your knees back toward your chest with ease. You can also have a friend help stretch your legs in the beginning while you're on your back.
- Try the frog leg pose to stretch hip muscles. Sit on the floor with your spine as straight as possible. Stack the right leg on top of your left leg in a curled position in front of you, lining up your right ankle and left leg. [11]
- This can be a challenging pose for a novice. Begin by just sitting in a crossed legged position to see how this feels to your hips.
- You can gradually push your body from this position as much as you feel comfortable without straining. You can also use yoga blocks underneath the stacked leg if you find this stretch too difficult.
- Improve your strength more quickly by lifting weights more slowly - this allows your muscles to rely more on strength than momentum.
- If you have any condition that would impair or limit your ability to engage in physical activity, please consult a physician before attempting this activity. This information is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice or treatment.
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