How to Grow Alfalfa Sprouts Posted: 10 Feb 2022 08:00 AM PST Alfalfa sprouts grow quickly, sprouting in just three to five days. You can grow them in a glass jar or a small tray, and you only need 1 tablespoon of seeds to get 1 1/2 cups of sprouts. These nutritious sprouts are high in antioxidants and are a great addition to salads and sandwiches. [Edit]Using a Jar - Purchase alfalfa seeds. You can find them at health food stores, feed stores, or on-line seed suppliers. Organic seeds are also available. Seeds come in packages as small as 8 to 16 oz. and sacks as large as 1 pound. If you're planning on eating a lot of alfalfa, it's cheaper to buy the seeds in bulk.
- Measure out 1 tablespoon of seeds. One tablespoon will yield 1 1/2 cups of alfalfa, enough to fill a jar and provide for a meal or two. Store the extra seeds in the original bag or in a sealable plastic container.
- Wash and sort the seeds. Take the seeds you want to grow and place them in a fine-mesh sieve or on a piece of cheesecloth and rinse them thoroughly. Pick out any seeds that are broken or discolored.
- Washing all your seeds at once will cause some to sprout before you are ready to use them. Only wash the seeds you plan to immediately sprout.
- Put the alfalfa seeds in a clear glass quart jar. Flat-sided jars work best because you can lay them on their sides to allow better circulation.
- Cover the seeds with of cold water. Make sure the seeds are completely covered.
- Cover the mouth of the jar with cheesecloth or clean pantyhose. This will keep the seeds in the jar when you drain the contents. Secure the covering with a rubber band.
- Soak the alfalfa seeds for at least 12 hours. Keep the jar in a dry, warm place while you soak the seeds. The seeds don't need direct sunlight to sprout.
- Drain the water. Leave the cheesecloth or pantyhose in place and turn the jar upside down over the sink. The water will drain out, while the seeds remain inside the jar.
- Rinse and drain the seeds again. Make sure all the water drains from the jar, so that the seeds don't rot.
- Place the jar on its side in a dark location. Good choices are a closet or pantry that provides a warm, comfortable temperature. Make sure the seeds are spread out across the base of the jar.[1]
- Remove the jar every eight to 12 hours to rinse the alfalfa seeds. Rinse the seeds with lukewarm water, thoroughly draining the seeds each time. Do this for three to four days, or until the seeds sprout to a length of .
- Move the sprouts into the sunlight. Spread the sprouts in a thin layer on a platter or dish and put them in a sunny window for about 15 minutes. This will activate important enzymes that make the sprouts so healthy. Wait for the them to turn green. When the sprouts turn green, they are ready to eat. Store them in the refrigerator, which also slows their growth, for up to a week.
[Edit]Using a Clay Tray - Measure out the seeds you want to use. Measure out 1 tablespoon of seeds, which will yield 1 1/2 cups of alfalfa. Store the unused seeds in a resealable plastic container or in their original bag.
- Rinse and sort the seeds. Place them in a fine-mesh strainer or a piece of cheesecloth and rinse them thoroughly. Sort through the seeds and remove any damaged or discolored seeds.
- Soak the seeds. Place the seeds in a glass jar. Cover the seeds with of cold water. Cover the jar with a piece of cheesecloth secured with a rubber band. Place the seeds in a dark room and soak them for at least 12 hours.
- Drain the seeds. Pour the water through the cheesecloth, which will trap the seeds inside the jar and keep them from spilling down the sink.
- Spread the seed over the base of a clay tray. The type of tray that comes with a red terra cotta growing pot is perfect for this purpose. Spoon the seeds inside the tray and spread them out so that the evenly coat the tray.
- Set the tray in a pan of water. Choose a pan that's bigger than the tray, and set the tray inside the pan. Fill the pan with water so that it rises about halfway up the sides of the tray. Don't add so much water that it spills into the tray.
- Place the tray and pan in a dark room to allow the seeds to sprout.
- This method works because the clay tray will absorb water from the pan - just enough to moisten the seeds enough to help them grow. With this method, no rinsing is required.
- Refill the pan periodically for four to five days. Check on it every and fill it when the water evaporates. The clay tray will continue absorbing water and keeping the seeds moist, helping them to sprout.
- Move the tray into the sun when the sprouts are long. Put it in a sunny window for about 15 minutes. They're ready to eat when they're bright green.[2]
[Edit]Eating and Storing Alfalfa - Hull the alfalfa. The hulls are edible, but many people like to remove them for aesthetic reasons. To remove the hulls, place the sprouts in a bowl of water and irritate the sprout mass with your hands. The hulls will easily separate from the sprouts and rise to the surface of the water. Pour out the water with the hulls and save the sprouts.[3]
- Use the alfalfa. Alfalfa sprouts are a wonderful addition to any type of salad. They taste best when they're fresh from their last rinse. Simply chop or separate the sprouts and add them to your favorite salad recipe.
- Sprouts are also great as a filling for sandwiches.
- Sprouts are tasty inside a pita wrap.
- Try adding nutrition to your standard burrito by wrapping some sprouts in with the beans and rice.
- Store the alfalfa. Let the alfalfa completely dry after the last rinse - if you store it wet it will rot. Place the dry alfalfa inside a plastic storage bag and keep it refrigerated.[4]
- You can also buy a commercial sprouter so you can grow more than one batch of alfalfa sprouts at one time.
[Edit]Warnings - When rinsing the seeds, be sure to drain them thoroughly. Seeds just need to be damp, not soaked with water.
[Edit]Things You'll Need - Alfalfa seeds
- Clear glass quart jar with flat sides
- Cheesecloth or clean pantyhose
- Tablespoon
- Water
- Closet, pantry, or cupboard
- Area that gets sunlight
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How to Turn Your TV Into a Smart TV Posted: 10 Feb 2022 12:00 AM PST Even if your TV isn't "smart," you can easily convert it to a smart TV without paying an arm and a leg. By connecting a streaming device or gaming console to your normal TV's HDMI port, you can connect your TV to the internet, fire up your favorite streaming apps like Netflix and Hulu, and watch what you want, when you want! We'll show you the best options for making just about any regular TV a smart TV. [Edit]Amazon Fire TV Stick - If you're an Amazon Prime Subscriber, opt for a Fire TV device. These affordable streaming devices work seamlessly with your Prime subscription, plug right into your HDMI port, and have a familiar interface linked to your Amazon account. The Fire TV Stick Lite is the cheapest option, while the Fire TV Cube is a premium option that is entirely voice-operated. You can watch all of the major streaming services on your non-smart TV with a Fire TV device, including Prime Video (obviously), Netflix, Hulu, Apple TV+, Disney+, HBO Max, Hulu, and Peacock.
- All Fire TV devices allow you to cast content from your Android or Google Chrome web browser.
- One of the pioneers in streaming TV, Roku has a device for everyone. Roku is one of the most accessible options for converting a regular TV to a smart TV, as they have affordable, easy-to-use products. All Roku streaming devices support Netflix, Hulu, Disney+, Amazon Prime Video, HBO Max, Apple TV+, Peacock, and just about every other streaming service you can think of.
- Roku Express and Express 4k+ are simple and affordable streaming devices for any TV. If you have a wall-mounted TV, you may want to opt for the Roku Streaming Stick or Streaming Stick 4K+ due to its design. Roku Ultra and Streambar are premium devices with added features.
- Roku also supports AirPlay, which means that if you have an iPhone, iPad, or Mac, you can mirror your screen to your TV wirelessly. It's the only portable streaming device that supports AirPlay—the rest support Chromecast technology instead.[1]
[Edit]Apple TV - Apple's streaming device, Apple TV, is not a TV at all. It's an HDMI device that plugs into any TV, including regular, non-smart TVs, and turns them into internet-capable streaming devices. If you have a Mac, iPhone, iPad, or any other Apple device, the interface will be familiar to you, and you can even sign in with your Apple ID. All major streaming channels are available on Apple TV, including Prime Video, Netflix, and Hulu.
- Apple TV also supports AirPlay, which means you can also use it to stream apps and mirror your screen from a Mac, iPhone, or iPad. Apple TV and Roku are the only streaming devices that support AirPlay.
[Edit]Chromecast with Google TV - The latest Chromecast is a fully-functional streaming device. While earlier Chromecasts only allowed you to stream movies, shows, and other content from an Android or the Chrome web browser, the new Chromecast has Google TV built in. Google TV is what will take your normal TV to the smart level, with its support for all major streaming services like Netflix, Hulu, Disney+, and HBO Max, and its full-featured Play Store with hundreds of other apps you can install.
- The classic Chromecast devices, including the third-generation Chromecast, don't have remote controls or special interfaces that look like smart TVs. They are just for casting content from other devices.
[Edit]Gaming Consoles - All modern Xbox and PlayStation gaming consoles double as TV streaming devices. You can watch Amazon Prime Video, Netflix, Hulu, Disney+, HBO Max, YouTube, Apple TV+, and more on many Xbox and PlayStation models without the need for a dedicated smart TV.[2]
- Xbox One, Xbox Series S, and Xbox Series X are all great replacements for smart TVs. Xbox 360 also supports many streaming channels, but fewer app downloads are available now that the console is much older.
- PS5, PS4, and PS3 all have streaming capabilities and support most major streaming services.
[Edit]Set Top Boxes - Your cable or satellite provider may have streaming options. Many modern TV providers offer set-top boxes that combine your traditional live TV channels with a full-featured smart streaming device. These boxes will take a normal TV and convert it to a smart one by adding downloadable apps, internet access, and the ability to cast shows and movies wirelessly from your computer or mobile device.
- Xfinity X1 combines live cable TV with smart TV streaming capabilities, and is widely available across the US.
- Atlantic Broadband offers a TiVo HD receivers and DVRs that all combine traditional cable TV services with all streaming apps supported by TiVo.[3]
- DISH Network offers different streaming devices—some with DVRs for recording live TV, and some without, all of which can get online and support most popular streaming services.
[Edit]Blu-ray Players - Many modern Blu-ray players double as smart TV streaming devices. If you love playing your Blu-ray discs as much as you love streaming Netflix, check out smart Blu-ray players made by LG, Magnavox, Philips, Sony, and Toshiba.
[Edit]NVIDIA Shield TV - If you're into cloud gaming, don't pass up the NVIDIA Shield. This premium device turns any TV into a smart TV, and also has the ability to stream games to your GeForce-powered PC. The Shield comes pre-installed with Netflix, YouTube, Amazon Prime Video, Plex, Google Play Movies, and the NVIDIA Games app. And because Shield is powered by Android TV, you can install any other streaming service that's available in the Play Store, including Hulu, Disney+, and Apple TV+.
- Like most other streaming devices, you can also use Chromecast technology to cast apps from your Android or content from Chrome to your TV with Shield TV.
[Edit]TiVo Stream - TiVo offers several streaming device options for any TV. TiVo Stream 4K is the most affordable option and standard, with high-quality streaming from over 5000 apps including Netflix, Prime Video, Disney+, Hulu, and HBO Max. If you want a DVR to record live TV, try the TiVo Edge for antenna and cable services, and the TiVo Mini LUX, which expands the TiVo Edge to other rooms in your home.[4]
- Newer TiVo models support Chromecast, which means you can cast content from your Android or Google Chrome web browser to your TV with TiVo.
[Edit]Portal TV - Facebook's Portal TV combines top streaming apps with video calling on your biggest screen. This streaming device plugs right into your HDMI port and supports Amazon Prime Video, ESPN, Paramount+, Netflix, Showtime, and Sling TV.[5] This is a great option if you want to do a lot of video calling on your TV, as it has a built-in HD camera. You can even watch Facebook Watch videos live with your friends, as well as use services like Workplace for Facebook and Zoom to collaborate from the comfort of your couch.
- In a pinch, you can always connect your Windows or Mac computer to your TV.
- Old TVs that only have A/V cable hook-ups (e.g., the red, yellow, and white cables) cannot be converted into smart TVs.
- Old TVs that have only a coaxial input (the port that you connect your tv cable to) cannot be converted into smart TVs.
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How to Use a Mortar and Pestle Posted: 09 Feb 2022 04:00 PM PST When you've graduated beyond pre-packaged spices and you're ready to grind your own fresh cinnamon, cloves, peppercorn, cumin and more, there's no more useful tool than a mortar and pestle. Spices, garlic, nuts or seeds are placed in the mortar, then crushed with the pestle, releasing their fresh flavors and oils. You'll really notice the difference in taste! See Step 1 to learn how to use a mortar and pestle to step your cooking up a few notches. [Edit]Choosing a Mortar and Pestle - Choose the size you want. Do you want to crush large amounts of spices, seeds, and nuts, or only small amounts? You will find varying sizes from palm size to bowl size, and it may even be handy to have two different sizes if you have the space and budget for it.
- If you plan to grind a very large amount of spices, getting a spice grinder may be more suitable for your needs. A mortar and pestle is best for just enough spices to create whatever dish or spice mix you immediately want to use.
- Pick the right material for your needs. Mortar and pestles are usually made in a matching set. The mortar is a small bowl and the pestle is a wand with a curve that's perfectly shaped to grind smoothly against the mortar. The instrument may be made from wood, stone or ceramic, and you'll want to choose your material based on your culinary needs and personal preferences.[1]
- Ceramic mortar and pestles are capable of grinding spices very finely, but they're also more fragile than other types.[2]
- Wood mortar and pestles are durable, but they're also slightly porous, and subject to stains. It's also possible for the flavor of one spice to stay present in the mortar between uses, tainting the flavor of the next spice you grind.
- Stone mortar and pestles also grind very finely, but unless they're conditioned properly, fine particles of stone can get ground into the spices.
[Edit]Using a Basic Technique - Read the recipe for processing instructions. If you need something ground into a paste or powder, this is the ideal tool. Items that are good to grind or crush in the mortar and pestle include peppercorns, spice seeds, herb seeds, fresh herb and spice leaves, rice, nuts, other plant seeds, hard candies, sea salt, and so on. Anything used for baking or eating that can be crushed is likely to work in the mortar and pestle.
- If you need something chopped, pureed, or blended, you may be better off with another tool, such as a blender or processor. The recipe will often be a guide on this.
- Place the raw ingredients in the mortar. Measure out your whole peppercorns, cinnamon, or other ingredient and place it in the mortar. Fill the mortar no more than ⅓ full with raw spices; otherwise, it will be difficult to get an even grind. If you have too much to fit, it's fine to process the spices in batches.
- Use the pestle to process to your desired consistency. Hold the mortar in place with one hand, take the pestle in your opposite fist, and twist it against the ingredients in the mortar so that they are ground against its bottom and sides. Evenly grind, bash or crush all of the spices, using the pestle to mix and grind them until they are all reduced to the same consistency. Continue until the ingredients are as coarse or fine as you want.
- See below to learn specific techniques for grinding, crushing or bashing your ingredients. Each technique will result in a different consistency, and can affect the flavor and final outcome of your dish.
- Store or measure out the ingredients. You can either place the freshly ground contents of the mortar into a glass spice jar with a tight-fitting lid, or go ahead and measure out how much you need for your recipe.
[Edit]Trying Other Grinds - Use the mortar and pestle to grind. This is the ideal technique for most spices you'll use in baked goods, sauces and other dishes. You can grind to a coarse, medium or fine consistency.[3]
- Place your ingredients in the mortar and hold it in place with one hand.
- Hold the pestle in your fist with a firm but comfortable grip.
- Press the rounded end of the pestle down onto the ingredients and roll it against the mortar while applying firm pressure.
- Grind until you've reached your preferred consistency.
- Use pounding for large spices and seeds. If the item resists or is simply large and needs this approach, use firm but gentle pounding, sometimes called bashing. This will crack the spices, allowing you to switch techniques to get a finer grind.[4]
- Grind first. This action will catch the ingredients that crush easily and make the pounding easier.
- Pound or bash the ingredients. Use the broad end of the pestle and bring it down gently. Use short, sharp pounds to speed up the process and conserve your own energy.
- To avoid mishaps, cup your other hand (or a small cloth) over the top opposite side of the mortar and pestle to catch any of the bashed item that tries to bounce out.
- Grind again if needed. Once most of the ingredients have been crushed, a little end muddling may assist to finish off the crushing.
- Use crushing to keep spices intact. If your recipe calls for crushed, rather than ground, spices, that means they shouldn't be completely pulverized. Instead, you want to keep them mostly intact. This is also a suitable technique for processing garlic.[5]
- Place the ingredients in the mortar.
- Roll the pestle across the ingredients so that they crush and burst.
- Continue until all of the ingredients have been crushed, but not finely ground.
[Edit]Cleaning a Mortar and Pestle - Clean your mortar and pestle after use. The cleaning approach is dependent on the material of the mortar and pestle. Check the instructions that came with the mortar and pestle you bought to ensure you clean it properly. Here are some broad advisories:
- For a dishwasher-safe mortar and pestle, simply place in the usual dishwasher cycle.
- If it is not dishwasher-safe (such as a wooden set), clean with warm water. Dry it completely before storing.
- For a dry grind, it may be sufficient to simply brush out with a clean cloth or paper towel.
- Don't use soap if you can help it. Since most mortar and pestles are a little porous, soap can leave an ill-tasting residue that can get mixed in with your spices next time you grind something.[6] Wiping it out with warm water, then drying it thoroughly should do the trick.
- Try using dry rice for tough smells and stains. Sometimes it's difficult to remove smells and stains from strong spices. A good trick is to pour some dry white rice into the mortar, then use the pestle to grind it finely. The rice will probably take on the color and smell of the last spice you processed. Discard the rice, then repeat the process until the ground rice remains white and odor-free after the grinding.
- What to do with your mortar and pestle? Try: grinding fresh herbs into an herbal paste (great for herbal butters), crushing peppercorns, crushing garlic for garlic bread, making hummus, almond paste, making flour the really old-fashioned way.
- Use a crushing motion, not pounding, which could damage stone or clay mortar and pestles.
- Check pill bottles to see if it says anywhere to never crush or chew the pills within. Ask a pharmacist if you're still uncertain.
- Non-food ideas: Crushing medicines into a powder (for instance, to add aspirin to a liquid), grinding natural paint pigments to a finer consistency, grinding large pellet animal food into smaller pellets.
- Some herbs have oils and fibers that can produce a fine but tough plaque or scab-like adhesion which resists removal after being pounded or mashed hard into the rough surface. If it cannot be fully removed by flaking it off with the sharp tip of a knife blade, a soak with warm water and then alcohol can loosen it. Another option, if it is dry enough, is to use a very fine grit sandpaper. Use it to 'wear off' most of the adhesion, until it is too thin to stick.
[Edit]Warnings - If you make your own mortar, the inside should never be glazed or polished.
- Be careful that any mortar and pestle used for toxic or harmful substances is never reused for foods. Do not even keep such a mortar and pestle in the kitchen. Instead, place it with your hobby/gardening/chemistry experiment gear and label it clearly.
- One caution about pounding: Ceramic, stone, and wood mortars can be fractured if struck when they are empty or if they are struck too hard. Most metal mortars should be used only for relatively soft materials to avoid pitting or spalling.
- Ask a pharmacist before crushing medicines. Some drugs may be absorbed too quickly when crushed.
- Never crush or chew pills which have an enteric coating (may also be labeled as 'gastro resistant').[7] Pills with enteric coatings look like clear capsules with a powder or liquid inside. Breaking one in half will spill the powder or liquid, and then consuming it afterwards will seriously upset your stomach.[8]
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How to Write a Simple Macro in Microsoft Excel Posted: 09 Feb 2022 08:00 AM PST While Excel is full of time-saving features like keyboard shortcuts and templates, you can save even more time by creating macros to complete repetitive tasks. This wikiHow teaches how to create simple macros for Excel spreadsheets. [Edit]Enabling The Developer Tab - Open Excel. The process for showing the Developer tab is the same for many versions of Excel for Windows. There is a slight difference for Excel for Mac, which will be detailed below.
- Click the tab. It's in the editing ribbon above your document space.
- In Excel for Mac, click the "Excel" menu at the top of your screen.
- Click . You might find this option at the bottom of the menu.
- In Excel for Mac, click the "Preferences" menu option.
- Click . It's in the panel on the left side of the window.
- In Excel for Mac, click "Ribbon & Toolbar" in the "Authoring" section.
- Check the box next to "Developer" to check it. You'll see this on the right side of the window under the header, "Main Tabs."
- In Excel for Mac, you'll see "Developer" in the "Tab or Group Title" list.
- Click . You'll see the Developer tab appear in your tab list.
[Edit]Recording a Macro - Click the tab.You should see this in the editing ribbon above your editing space. If you don't see it, you need to enable it again.
- Click . You'll find this in the Code section of the Developer tab. You can also press to start a new macro (Windows only).
- Give the macro a name. Make sure that you'll be able to easily identify it, especially if you're going to be creating multiple macros.
- You can also add a description to explain what the macro will accomplish.
- Click the field. You can assign a keyboard shortcut to the macro to easily run it. This is optional.
- Press plus a letter. This will create a +letter keyboard combination to start the macro. If you don't press Shift, then you run the risk of overwriting any keyboard shortcuts that already exist. For instance, if you entered z in the box without pressing Shift, you'd overwrite the "Undo" shortcut (which is Ctrl + Z)
- On Mac, this will be a +letter combination.
- Click the drop-down. More options will drop down for you.
- Click the location you want to save the macro. If you're only using the macro for your current spreadsheet, just leave it on "This Workbook." If you want the macro available for any spreadsheet you work on, select "Personal Macro Workbook."
- Click . Your macro will begin recording.
- Perform the commands you want to record. Pretty much anything you do will now be recorded and added to the macro. For example, if you run a sum formula of A2 and B2 in cell C7, running the macro in the future will always sum A2 and B2 and display the results in C7.
- Macros can get very complex, and you can even use them to open other Office programs. When the macro is recording, virtually everything you do in Excel is added to the macro.[1]
- Click when you're finished. This will end the macro recording and save it.
- Save your file in a macro-enabled format. In order to preserve your macros, you'll need to save your workbook as a special macro-enabled Excel format:
- Click the File menu and select Save.
- Click the File Type menu underneath the file name field.
- Click Excel Macro-Enabled Workbook.
[Edit]Using a Macro - Open your macro-enabled workbook file. If you have closed your file before running your macro, you'll be prompted to enable the content.
- Click . This appears at the top of the Excel spreadsheet in a Security Warning bar whenever a macro-enabled workbook is opened. Since it's your own file, you can trust it, but be very careful opening macro-enabled files from any other source.
- Press your macro shortcut (if you want to use a shortcut key). When you want to use your macro, you can quickly run it by pressing the shortcut you created for it.
- Click the button in the Developer tab (if you want to use the menu). This will display all of the macros that are available in your current spreadsheet.
- Click the macro you want to run.
- Click the button (if you have custom buttons enabled). The macro will be run in your current cell or selection.
- If you don't have custom buttons enabled, you can go to Customize Ribbon and add it there.[2]
- View a macro's code. If you want to learn more about how macro coding works, you can open the code of any macro you've created and tinker with it:
- Click the Macros button in the Developer tab.
- Click the macro you want to view.
- Click the Edit button.
- View your macro code in the Visual Basic code editing window.
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